Translation help

[usakorjb03]

help me understand something...I don't remember if anyone ever exlained this to me.

sometimes i would see stuff like "좋아하는...." or "사랑하는..." what would this phrase mean?

lets use "사랑하는"

사랑하는 엄마

[hyunwoo]

-는 is an adjective form of verbs, and therefore 사랑하는 comes from the verb 사랑하다 and 좋아하는 comes from 좋아하다.

사랑하는 엄마가 means "Your Mom, who loves you"

너를 좋아하는 AAA가 means "AAA, who likes you"

[usakorjb03]

i'm not really grasping the idea of -는 as an adjective form...i understand it when it's used as a topic particle but that's about it. does anyone have an example sentence w/translation that could help?

[austinfd]

Try to keep the two separate in your mind. They are spelled the same, but serve a different grammatical purpose.

The particle that makes an verb into an adjective has 3 forms, actually.

는 - present
ㄴ/은 - past (ㄴ if there is no 받침; 은 if there is)
ㄹ/을 - future (ㄹ if there is no 받침; 을if there is)

Here's an example for each:

Past:
When you order at a coffee shop, you might hear something like:
주문히신 에스프레소 나왔습니다
(주문하다 (to order) + 시(honorific marker) + ㄴ(no 받침) 에스프레소 + 나오다 (to come out)

literally: Your ordered espresso came out. (In English, the espresso that you ordered)

Future:
I had to use this to explain to my Korean teacher I needed to move to the next level:
우리 배울 문법 이미 공부했어요
배우다(to learn) + ㄹ (no 받침)

literally: Our will learn grammar I already studied. (the grammar that we will learn)

Present:
제 다니는 학교 아주 가까워요.
다니다 (to attend) + 는 + 가깝다 (near, close)

literally: my attending school is very close (the school that I attend)

This construction is enormously helpful. I wish English had such an efficient way to do the same thing.

If you want to ask what something is you can say things like:

먹는 것이에요? (Is this something for eating?)
미시는 것이에요?

Or when trying to explain something that you don't really have the vocabulary for, if you a verb associated with it, you can use this, and a Korean will probably understand. For example:

You can't remember the word for baseball stadium:
야구 게임 보는 장소 (baseball game watching place)
You can't remember the word for car:
운전하는 것 (driving thing)
or maybe you forgot the word for newspaper:
매일매일 뉴스를 읽는 것 (everyday news reading thing)

Another useful phrase is:

가는 길이에요 (I am on the way) literally, "the going road"

Hope this helps!

[usakorjb03]

Although it is alot to sink in, I think I can handle it. Thanks austin and hyunwoo for the help.

[kanta43214321]

That means beloved or dear mother! *mother in which i love*

ex: Saengil chukh'ahamnida
saengil chukh'ahamnida
SARANGHANEUN EOMMAYA~~~.... sangil chukh'ahamnida

Translation-
happy birthday (to you)
happy birthday (to you)
BELOVED mom, happy bday to you!- ( happy birthday to,(my) dear (beloved) mother

Arasseoyo?