This is Tim from KC101.com.
Throughout this post, I'd like to talk about 'Object Particles - 을 [eul] & 를 [reul]'.
This topic is already covered in "Absolute Beginner Season 2 Lesson 4".
1. What does "Object Particle" mean?
=> This particles (을/를) are used to mark the 'OBJECT' of a sentence.
For example, let's take a look at a simple sentence of "I study Korean"...
In that sentence, what is the subject? YES, the topic is "I".
In that sentence, what is the verb? YES, the verb is "study".
In that sentence, what's the object? YES, the object is "Korean".
Now, let's translate each element into Korean.
a. the subject - "I" - is 나 [na] or 저 [jeo]
b. the verb - "study" - is 공부하다 [gong-bu-ha-da] => (to make it Formal Declarative Sentence Ending) 공부하 + ㅂ니다 => 공부합니다.
(I'll post about Formal Declarative Sentence Ending later)
c. the object - "Korean" - is 한국어 [han-gu-geo].
so, all together, "I study Korean" is "나 + 한국어 + 공부합니다 => 나 한국어 공부합니다"
HOWEVER, it's NOT all (why? because it's not a sentence!)
First, you have to attach 은 [eun] or 는 [neun] right after the subject - "I" 나,
Second, you ALSO have to attach 을 [eul] or 를 [reul] right after the object - "Korean" 한국어.
THEREFORE, they become 나 + 는 => 나는 & 한국어 + 를 => 한국어를. Finally, the correct translation is 나는 한국어를 공부합니다.
2. Here is the formation of 을 [eul] / 를 [reul].
=> a NOUN (Object) + 을 [eul] or 를 [reul]
3. Then, here is a question! When do we use 을 [eul] over 를 [reul]? when do we use 를 [reul] over 을 [eul]?
The rule is simple!
a. If the noun(object) ends WITH a consonant (with a 받침), attach 을 [eul] right after 'the NOUN'. (밥 + 을 => 밥을)
b. If the noun(object) ends WITHOUT a consonant (without a 받침), attach 를 [reul] right after 'the NOUN'. (한국어 + 를 => 한국어를)
4. Lastly, let's simply practice on the rule. (remember this - those rules (a & b) above are extremely essential to know if you want to learn Korean)
A. Please fill in the blanks
ex) a. "(I eat) rice..." => 밥 + 을 => 밥을... ("rice" = 밥 [bab])
b. "(I study) Korean..." => 한국어 + ___ => _______...
c. "(I take) a taxi..." => 택시 + 를 => ________... ("a taxi" = 택시 [taek-si])
d. "(I watch) tv..." => 텔레비전 + ____ => ________...
e. "(I drink) milk..." => 우유 + ___ => ________... ("milk" = 우유 [u-yu])
f. "(I like) you..." => 너 + ___ => ________... or 당신 + ___ => ________... ("you" = 너 [neo] or 당신 [dang-shin])
B. Please translate each sentence into Korean
ex) a. "I eat rice." => 나 + 는 밥 + 을 먹습니다 => 나는 밥을 먹습니다. ("to eat" 먹다 => 먹 + 습니다 => 먹습니다)
b. "Tim studies Korean." => 팀 + 은 한국어 + 를 공부합니다 => _____________________ ("to study" 공부하다)
c. "Debbie takes a taxi." => 데비__ 택시__ 탑니다. ("to take" = 타다)
d. "I watch a movie." => _____ 영화__ __________ . ("a movie" = 영화 & "to watch" = 보다 => 보 + ㅂ니다 => 봅니다)
e. "You drink coffee." => ______ 커피__ ___________. ("coffee" = 커피 & "to drink" = 마시다 => 마시 + ㅂ니다 => 마십니다)
f. "I love you." => ______________________ ("to love" = 사랑하다 => 사랑하 + ㅂ니다 => 사랑합니다)
Now, you know about the 'OBJECT PARTICLE - 을 / 를'
Thanks for your time and study.
Please feel free to give me any advice and comment on this post.
Hope this post helps you understand Korean better,
cheers, 여러분 힘내요~~ "Go Go everyone~~~"
Tim
ps. for more info about 'Object Particle', please give a listen to "Absolute Beginner Season 2 Lesson 4" ^o^
