Dialogue

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Vocabulary (Review)

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Lesson Notes

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Matt: The Grouping Particles. Matt Here.
Kyejin: 안녕하세요. I'm Kyejin.
Matt: In this lesson, you'll learn particles that are useful with two or more items or people. The conversation takes place in a cafe.
Kyejin: It’s between Haneul and Naomi.
Matt: The speakers are not familiar with each other, so they’ll be using formal Korean. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.

Lesson conversation
나오미: 하늘 씨, 요즘 운동하세요? 저는 이제 주말마다 운동하니까 기분이 아주 좋아요.
하늘: 요즘은 운동을 안 하는데 예전에는 매일마다 꼭 운동했어요.
나오미: 그래요? 운동 얼마나 했어요?
하늘: 아침마다 꼭 2시간씩 운동을 했어요.
나오미: 와... 저는 주말에 30분씩만 운동해도 피곤해요. 요즘은 왜 안 하세요?
하늘: 원래 여동생이랑 같이 운동했는데 여동생은 자기 학교에 다니는 친구들끼리랑 운동하기 시작했어요.
나오미: 그러면 저랑 같이 운동해요!
Matt: Listen to the conversation one time slowly.
나오미: 하늘 씨, 요즘 운동하세요? 저는 이제 주말마다 운동하니까 기분이 아주 좋아요.
하늘: 요즘은 운동을 안 하는데 예전에는 매일마다 꼭 운동했어요.
나오미: 그래요? 운동 얼마나 했어요?
하늘: 아침마다 꼭 2시간씩 운동을 했어요.
나오미: 와... 저는 주말에 30분씩만 운동해도 피곤해요. 요즘은 왜 안 하세요?
하늘: 원래 여동생이랑 같이 운동했는데 여동생은 자기 학교에 다니는 친구들끼리랑 운동하기 시작했어요.
나오미: 그러면 저랑 같이 운동해요!
Matt: Listen to the conversation with the English translation
Naomi: Haneul, do you work out nowadays? Now that I work out every weekend I feel great.
Haneul: Nowadays I don’t work out, but I used to every single day.
Naomi: Really? How much did you work out?
Haneul: I worked out every single day for two hours.
Naomi: Wow… I only work out for thirty minutes during the weekend and I’m tired. Why don’t you work out anymore?
Haneul: I used to work out with my younger sister but she started working out with her group of school friends.
Naomi: Then you can work out with me!
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Enter Post conversation Banter section here.
Matt: Kyejin, where is the best place for outdoor exercise in Seoul?
Kyejin: Well, I would say anywhere near the 한강 or the Han river in English, which runs across Seoul.
Matt: I’ve heard that there are permanent exercise machines that are free for anyone to use in these areas.
Kyejin: That’s right, and I think that’s great. Also, if you like hiking, or in Korean 등산 (deungsan), you can easily access some nice mountains around Seoul, such as 북한산 (bukhansan) or 남산 (namsan)
Matt: Korean people love hiking and it’s especially popular with older people.
Kyejin: Why not try it out, listeners?
Matt: Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Matt: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is..
Kyejin: 먼저 [natural native speed]
Matt: first, ahead
Kyejin: 먼저[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 먼저 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 운동하다 [natural native speed]
Matt: to exercise
Kyejin: 운동하다[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 운동하다 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 마다 [natural native speed]
Matt: every time, whenever
Kyejin: 마다[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 마다 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 이제 [natural native speed]
Matt: from now on, now
Kyejin: 이제[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 이제 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 요즘 [natural native speed]
Matt: these days, currently
Kyejin: 요즘[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 요즘 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 예전 [natural native speed]
Matt: long ago, older days
Kyejin: 예전[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 예전 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 꼭 [natural native speed]
Matt: surely, certainly, absolutely
Kyejin: 꼭[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 꼭 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 끼리 [natural native speed]
Matt: among, in a group of
Kyejin: 끼리[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 끼리 [natural native speed]
Matt: Next we have..
Kyejin: 그러면 [natural native speed]
Matt: then, If that is the case
Kyejin: 그러면[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Kyejin: 그러면 [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Matt: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is..
Kyejin: 예전
Matt: Which means "long ago, or older days." Can you break down this word, Kyejin?
Kyejin: Sure. 예 (ye) means "old", and 전 (jeon) means "before."
Matt: You can use it to mean “long ago” or “older days.” But note that you can’t use this word to talk about the near past, just the past of five years ago or more.
Kyejin: You can use the word 예전 (yejeon) with the particle 에는 (eneun) meaning “at” and say 예전에는 (yejeoneneun).
Matt: You can put this phrase in front of a sentence to add the meaning of “long ago.” Usually, people use this phrase..
Kyejin: 예전에는.
Matt: .. when they are talking about some changes between the past and the present.
Kyejin: For example, if you didn’t eat vegetables in the past, but now you do, you can say 예전에는 야채를 안 먹었어요. (yejeoneneun yachaereul an meogeotsseoyo.)
Matt: Which means "In the past I didn't eat vegetables." You can guess that the person eats vegetables now. Kyejin, how would I say that I did something in the past, and I STILL do?
Kyejin: You can say 예전에도 (yejeonedo) by adding the particle 도 (do) meaning “too”, “also.”
Matt: Okay, what's the next word?
Kyejin: 꼭
Matt: meaning "surely, certainly, absolutely." This is an adverb that normally occurs before an inflected expression. You can put this word right in front of the object you want to emphasize. Kyejin, can you give us an example?
Kyeji: n Sure. 꼭 (kkok) can be used in the sentence 내일 아침에 꼭 일찍 오세요. (naeil achime kkok iljjik oseyo.)..
Matt: .. which means "Please be sure to arrive early tomorrow morning". In this sentence, the adverb conveys the meaning of "surely".
Kyejin: Right. Here, we added the word 꼭 (kkok) in front of the adverb 일찍 (iljjik) meaning “early” to emphasize that the listener should arrive early next time.
Matt: What if you want to emphasize the verb meaning “to come”?
Kyejin: You can put 꼭 (kkok) in front of the verb. For example, 내년에 꼭 여행 하러 가자. (naenyeone kkok yeohaeng hareo gaja)
Matt: Which means "Next year let’s definitely go on vacation"
Kyejin: In this sentence, I put the adverb 꼭 in front of the verb 여행하다 meaning “to travel” so that I can emphasize the verb by adding the meaning of "definitely.”
Matt: That makes sense. Okay, now onto the grammar.

Lesson focus
Matt: In this lesson, you'll learn particles that are useful with two or more items or people.
Kyejin: These particles are 마다, 씩, 끼리, 랑 and 이랑 in Korean. Let’s go over them one by one.
Matt: First we have..
Kyejin: 마다.
Matt: This is a particle that expresses "every” as in “every day”" or "each” as in “each day”. You can use it to refer to all of the possible choices, as well as to express that something is different depending on the certain case, thing, or person.
Kyejin: You can simply add the particle next to a noun.
Matt: For example, what’s “every day” in Korean?
Kyejin: That’s 날마다. 날 is the noun meaning “a day” and 마다 is the particle meaning “every” or “each”, so 날마다 means “every day” or “each day.”
Matt: What about “each person”?
Kyejin: 사람 is a noun meaning “person”, so you can say.. 사람마다.
Matt: Which means “each person.” How can you use it in a sentence?
Kyejin: You can say.. 사람마다 생각이 달라요.
Matt: “Each person has a different way of thinking” or literally “Each person has a different thought.” And there are some nouns that can be used only with this particle, right?
Kyejin: Yes. For example, 집집 as in 집집마다. 집 means “home” and when it’s used with the particle 마다, you need to say the noun twice as in 집집, 집집마다.
Matt: Which means “each house,” “every house.”
Kyejin: It’s the same for the word 곳 which means “place.” You need to say it twice, as in 곳곳, 곳곳마다.
Matt: Meaning “each place.”
Kyejin: If you don’t repeat the noun, and just say 집마다, 곳마다, it doesn’t sound natural.
Matt: So keep that in mind, listeners! Okay, what’s the next particle?
Kyejin: Next we have.. 씩.
Matt: This is a particle that expresses frequency, or allocated amounts or numbers. There is no single word with the same function as this one in English, but using this particle, you can say “once a day” or “once every year” in Korean, for example. Let’s look at some examples to make this clearer. First up, how can you say “once a day” in Korean?
Kyejin: It’s 하루에 한 번씩. Breaking it down, 하루 means “a day”, then it has the time marking particle 에 meaning something like “at” or “in.” Then we have 한 번 meaning “one time” and the word 씩 which means ”each” or “per”
Matt: So it literally means something like “one time per day” or “ once a day.”
Kyejin: That’s right. I think it’ll be easier to remember the pattern to understand the particle 씩. You can say 하루에 “a day”, or 일년에 “a year” to indicate the range of time, then say 한 번씩 “once” or 두 번씩 “twice.”
Matt: Using the pattern, how can you say “once every year.”
Kyejin: First you can say the range of time “every year”, or 일년에 in Korean using the particle 에. Then say 한번씩 “once per”
Matt: Altogether, “once every year” will be..?
Kyejin: 일년에 한 번씩.
Matt: But there are other meanings to this particle, too, right?
Kyejin: Yes, when it’s used with a noun. For example 조금 means “little” as in 조금씩, which means “little by little.”
Matt: Can you give us a sentence using the word?
Kyejin: Sure. 조금씩 먹어.
Matt: “Eat a little” or literally “Eat a little by little.” For other meanings, please make sure to check the lesson notes. You can also find examples for each meaning. And next we have..
Kyejin: The particle 끼리.
Matt: This means “with” or “a group of.” and you can use it to group together a wide range of nouns.
Kyejin: For example, when you want to say “among friends” or “in a group of friends”, you can add the particle 끼리 (kkiri) to the noun 친구들 (chinjureul) meaning “friends” and say 친구들끼리 (chinjureul-kkiri)
Matt: which means "a group of friends" or “among friends.” And finally we have..
Kyejin: 이랑 and 랑. -이랑 (irang) is added to nouns that end in consonants while -랑 (rang) is added to nouns that end in vowels.
Matt: We can translate these as "with," or "and," depending on the context. You can link nouns using one of these particles the same way we use "with" or "and." in English.
Kyejin: This particle is interchangeable with -하고 (-hago), and it’s conversational Korean.
Matt: Can you give us an example?
Kyejin: Sure. For example, 밥이랑, 찌개랑, 갈비랑, 김치 먹었어요.
Matt: Which means "I ate rice, stew, galbi, and kimchi."

Outro
Matt: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Kyejin: 안녕히 계세요.

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