Learn the particle for checking what someone has said
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Matt: The Checking Particle. Matt here. |
| Kyejin: 안녕하세요. I'm Kyejin. |
| Matt: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use checking particles. |
| Kyejin: In Korean, we have checking particles such as 는다고. |
| Matt: The conversation takes place in a park. |
| Kyejin: It’s between Miseon and Cheolsu. |
| Matt: The speakers are students, so the older student will be using informal Korean and the younger student will speak formally. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
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| 미선: 선배! 배고프죠? 산 위로 가면 절이 있어요. 같이 가요! |
| 철수: 산 위에 절이 있다고? |
| 미선: 네! 그리고 음식도 제공한다고 했어요. |
| 철수: 그러면 입장료는? |
| 미선: 입장료는 5천 원밖에 안 된다고 하는데요. |
| 철수: 그러면 오늘 푹 쉬고 내일 아침에 가는 게 어때? |
| 미선: 좋아요! |
| Matt: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| 미선: 선배! 배고프죠? 산 위로 가면 절이 있어요. 같이 가요! |
| 철수: 산 위에 절이 있다고? |
| 미선: 네! 그리고 음식도 제공한다고 했어요. |
| 철수: 그러면 입장료는? |
| 미선: 입장료는 5천 원밖에 안 된다고 하는데요. |
| 철수: 그러면 오늘 푹 쉬고 내일 아침에 가는 게 어때? |
| 미선: 좋아요! |
| Matt: Listen to the conversation with the English translation |
| Miseon: Cheolsu, aren't you hungry? If we go to the top of this mountain, there’s a temple. Let’s go together! |
| Cheolsu: There’s a temple at the top of the mountain? |
| Miseon: Yeah! They said they provide food there as well. |
| Cheolsu: What about the entry fee? |
| Miseon: They say the entry fee is only five dollars. |
| Cheolsu: Then why don't we get a good rest today and go there first thing in the morning tomorrow? |
| Miseon: Sounds great! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Matt: Kyejin, do you often go to temples in Korea? |
| Kyejin: Not really, but I visit a temple in the mountains when I go hiking. Although many traditional buildings were destroyed during the Korean war, there are still a lot of temples, or 절 in Korean, on mountains. |
| Matt: I think the good thing about going to temples is that they’re free to enter or only charge a small admission fee. |
| Kyejin: That’s right. That’s why you can easily go into a temple and take a rest when you’re hiking. |
| Matt: In the fall, the temples provide breathtaking scenes when you see them surrounded by foliage. That’s my favorite part. |
| Kyejin: That’s true. If you’re out hiking, you’ll also see people having lunch at a temple. |
| Matt: I know that Korean monks aren’t allowed to eat any meat, so all the meals that you’ll have at a temple are made with rice and vegetables, right? |
| Kyejin: Right. In Korean, this type of meal is called 사찰음식. 사찰 is another word meaning “temple,” and 음식 means “food.” |
| Matt: That’s good to know. Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Matt: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Kyejin: 절 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Buddhist temple |
| Kyejin: 절[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 절 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: 제공하다 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: to supply, to provide |
| Kyejin: 제공하다[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 제공하다 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: 입장료 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: entry fee |
| Kyejin: 입장료[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 입장료 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: 푹 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: deeply, completely, soundly |
| Kyejin: 푹[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 푹 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: 내일 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: tomorrow |
| Kyejin: 내일[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 내일 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: -밖에 안 된다 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: to not be more than~ |
| Kyejin: -밖에 안 된다[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: -밖에 안 된다 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: 그러면 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: then, If that is the case |
| Kyejin: 그러면[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 그러면 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: 배고프다 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: to be hungry |
| Kyejin: 배고프다[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 배고프다 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: Next we have.. |
| Kyejin: 쉬다 [natural native speed] |
| Matt: to rest |
| Kyejin: 쉬다[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Kyejin: 쉬다 [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Matt: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Kyejin: 푹 |
| Matt: meaning "deeply, completely, soundly." It’s an adverb used to describe “a deep and thorough resting period.” |
| Kyejin: It’s most commonly used with the phrase 자다 which means “to sleep” or "to fall asleep," and the verb 쉬다 which means “to rest.” |
| Matt: As you can see, you can use this adverb only when the verb is related to taking a rest. Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Kyejin: Sure. For example, you can say.. 어젯밤에 잠이 푹 들었어요. |
| Matt: ..which means "Yesterday I fell into a deep sleep." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Kyejin: -밖에 안 된다 |
| Matt: meaning "not more than,” or “it’s only.." Kyejin, can you break down this phrase? |
| Kyejin: Sure. First, it has the word 밖에,which means "only" and has a negative implication. And it has the phrase 안 되다 which means "to not be" or “not to reach a limit.” |
| Matt: This phrase is commonly used when you’re talking about price. When an amount is lower than your expectations, you can use this phrase. For example, when the price of a plane ticket is cheaper than you expected, you can say.. |
| Kyejin: 비행기표는 700불밖에 안된다. |
| Matt: .. meaning "The plane ticket is only $700" and implies that you assumed it would be higher. Kyejin, can you give us an example using this word? |
| Kyejin: Sure. For example, you can say.. 날씨가 지금 10도밖에 안되네요. |
| Matt: .. which means "It's only 50 degrees outside." Okay, what's the next word? |
| Kyejin: 절 |
| Matt: meaning "Buddhist temple." |
| Kyejin: The word 절 can be used when you are talking about Buddhist temples in general. |
| Matt: But when it’s the name of a temple, you’ll see a different word, which is.. |
| Kyejin: 사. 사 will be placed at the end of the temple’s name, such as 불국사. |
| Matt: You may recognize that as the famous Buddhist temple in Geyongju. Okay, now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Matt: In this lesson, you'll learn how to use the checking particle, |
| Kyejin: which is 는다고. |
| Matt: It’s a sentence ending particle that reiterates a person's statement which is derived from reported speech. It can be used to check, emphasize, reassert, or, when used in the form of a question, to confirm a previous statement. |
| Kyejin: It can be translated as "I said… something" when it’s used in a statement form. |
| Matt: When used as a question, it can be translated as "you said..." |
| Kyejin: Like most sentence-ending particles,는다고 can be made polite by adding the politeness particle -요(-yo) at the end, as in 는다고요. |
| Matt: There are two pairs of words that can be used for this particle, so you need to pick the right one depending on which type of verb you use. Let’s see how you can use this particle with action verbs. |
| Kyejin: With action verbs, such as 말하다, meaning “to tell,” you can use 는다고 or ㄴ다고. The verb-stem of the verb 말하다 is 말하. It ends in a vowel, and in that case, you can use ㄴ다고. Simply add the batchim ㄴ to the verb-stem 말하, as in 말한 then say 다고. / 말한다고 |
| Matt: which means something like “I said that I will tell...” Can you give us a sentence using this? I’ll set the situation. Say you have a brother, and he just found out you’re dating someone new. He said he’s going to tell your mom. |
| Kyejin: Interesting! In that case, you can say.. 너 엄마한테 말한다고? |
| Matt: It means “You’re telling mom?” right? |
| Kyejin: That’s right. You can use the particle ㄴ다고 or 는다고 when you know something and ask the other to confirm again. |
| Matt: So what would the brother would say? |
| Kyejin: He can use the same particle, so it will be 응. 엄마한테 말한다고. You can see it ends with the same sentence ending particle but a different tone. |
| Matt: Okay. What if an action verb ends in a consonant? |
| Kyejin: In that case, you can use the particle 는다고. For example, 입다 is the verb meaning “to wear” and its verb-stem is 입. It ends in a consonant, so you can say 입는다고 by adding 는다고 to the verb-stem. |
| Matt: Can you give us an example? |
| Kyejin: Sure. 너가 이걸 입는다고? |
| Matt: “You’re saying that you’re going to wear this?” or literally “You’re wearing this?” Of course the speaker has already heard what the other party said, but she can use this particle to check if the other really wants to do something or is really sure about what she is saying. We can use this pattern with descriptive verbs, right Kyejin? |
| Kyejin: Right. 무섭다 meaning “to be scary” and 예쁘다 meaning “to be beautiful” are descriptive verbs. With them, you can just say 다고 without 는. For example, 무섭다고 and 예쁘다고. |
| Matt: I see. How would you say “You’re saying she’s beautiful?” in Korean? |
| Kyejin: It’s simple. The descriptive verb 예쁘다 means “to be beautiful” and its verb-stem is 예쁘. You just need to add 다고, as in 예쁘다고. |
| Matt: So what will it be in a sentence? |
| Kyejin: 너 저 여자가 예쁘다고? |
| Matt: meaning “You’re saying she’s beautiful?” to check if the other person really thinks so. It’s something like “for real?” or “really?” in English. And listeners, please note that with description verbs, you just need to use the same particle whether the verb-stem ends in a consonant or vowel. And make sure to check the lesson notes for more examples! |
Outro |
| Matt: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Kyejin: 안녕히 계세요. |
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