Learn about the Korean structure VST + 구나, which shows that you have certainty in what you're saying
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Tim: 안녕하세요, KoreanClass101.com 여러분. 팀입니다. |
| Joshua: Joshua here. Let’s Play 369 Together. Welcome to KoreanClass101.com. With us, you will learn to speak Korean with fun and effective lessons. |
| Tim: 예, 맞아요. 여러분, 오늘도 즐겁게 함께 배워 보아요. |
| Joshua: 예, 형. What are we learning today? |
| Tim: Today we are going to learn about verb stem plus 구나. |
| Joshua: 예, 맞아요. This sentence ending 구나 shows that the speaker feels certain about what they are saying. For example, 너 틀렸구나. You are wrong or you made a mistake. |
| Tim: 자, 그럼 let’s talk about today’s conversation. |
| Joshua: 좋아요. Where does this conversation take place? |
| Tim: 식당에서. At a restaurant. |
| Joshua: The conversation is between |
| Joshua: Tim, 수진, 철수 and 고은. |
| Joshua: Since the speakers are close friends, the speakers will be speaking informal Korean. |
| Tim: 반말입니다. |
| Joshua: Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 팀, 수진, 철수, 고은: 일"1", 이"2", "짝!", 사"4", 오"5", 육"6"! |
| 수진: 아.!! |
| 철수: 수진이 너, 틀렸구나! 자. 그럼, 수진이는 빠지고. |
| 철수, 고은, 팀: 일"1", 이"2", 삼"3"!!! |
| 팀: 아.!! |
| 철수: 팀, 너도 걸렸구나! |
| 수진: 팀, 완전 실망이야. 삼"3"에서 걸리다니!!! 난 그래도 육"6"까지라도 갔지!!! |
| 팀: 수진, 미안해! 나도 내가 창피해 죽겠어. |
| 고은: 자. 이젠 나하고 철수, 둘이 남았네. 철수야, 하자! |
| 철수, 고은: 일"1", 이"2", "짝!", 사"4", 오"5", "짝!", 육"6"! |
| 철수:아.!! |
| 고은: 철수 너 틀렸어! 육"6"은 내가 했으니까 넌 칠"7"이지. |
| 팀: 철수야, 너 바보구나. 육"6"다음엔 칠"7"이지! 하하하. |
| 철수: 그럼, 우린 다 바보 친구들인가!!? 하하하!!! |
| 고은: 자, 차 열쇠 이리 줘. 자. 이제 집으로 출발.!!! |
| Tim: 이번에는 천천히 들어 보겠습니다. |
| 팀, 수진, 철수, 고은: 일"1", 이"2", "짝!", 사"4", 오"5", 육"6"! |
| 수진: 아.!! |
| 철수: 수진이 너, 틀렸구나! 자. 그럼, 수진이는 빠지고. |
| 철수, 고은, 팀: 일"1", 이"2", 삼"3"!!! |
| 팀: 아.!! |
| 철수: 팀, 너도 걸렸구나! |
| 수진: 팀, 완전 실망이야. 삼"3"에서 걸리다니!!! 난 그래도 육"6"까지라도 갔지!!! |
| 팀: 수진, 미안해! 나도 내가 창피해 죽겠어. |
| 고은: 자. 이젠 나하고 철수, 둘이 남았네. 철수야, 하자! |
| 철수, 고은: 일"1", 이"2", "짝!", 사"4", 오"5", "짝!", 육"6"! |
| 철수:아.!! |
| 고은: 철수 너 틀렸어! 육"6"은 내가 했으니까 넌 칠"7"이지. |
| 팀: 철수야, 너 바보구나. 육"6"다음엔 칠"7"이지! 하하하. |
| 철수: 그럼, 우린 다 바보 친구들인가!!? 하하하!!! |
| 고은: 자, 차 열쇠 이리 줘. 자. 이제 집으로 출발.!!! |
| Tim: 이번에는 영어 번역과 함께 들어 보겠습니다. |
| 팀, 수진, 철수, 고은: 일"1", 이"2", "짝!", 사"4", 오"5", 육"6"! |
| Tim, Sujin, Cheolsu, Goeun: "One," "Two," "CLAP!" "Four," "Five," "Six!" |
| 수진: 아.!! |
| Sujin: Oh no! |
| 철수: 수진이 너, 틀렸구나! 자. 그럼, 수진이는 빠지고. |
| Cheolsu: Hey, Sujin, you just made a mistake! Well. Sujin is out. |
| 철수, 고은, 팀: 일"1", 이"2", 삼"3"!!! |
| Cheolsu, Goeun, Tim: "One," "Two," "Three!" |
| 팀: 아.!! |
| Tim: Oh no! |
| 철수: 팀, 너도 걸렸구나! |
| Cheolsu: Hey, Tim, you're busted too! |
| 수진: 팀, 완전 실망이야. 삼"3"에서 걸리다니!!! 난 그래도 육"6"까지라도 갔지!!! |
| Sujin: I am so disappointed in you, Tim. I can't believe you messed up at three! At least I messed up at six! |
| 팀: 수진, 미안해! 나도 내가 창피해 죽겠어. |
| Tim: Sujin, I'm sorry! I'm embarrassed for myself too! |
| 고은: 자. 이젠 나하고 철수, 둘이 남았네. 철수야, 하자! |
| Goeun: Now it's just Cheolsu and me. Let's do it, Cheolsu! |
| 철수, 고은: 일"1", 이"2", "짝!", 사"4", 오"5", "짝!", 육"6"! |
| Cheolsu, Goeun: "One," "Two," "CLAP!" "Four," "Five," "CLAP!" "Six!" |
| 철수: 아.!! |
| Cheolsu: Oh no! |
| 고은: 철수 너 틀렸어! 육"6"은 내가 했으니까 넌 칠"7"이지. |
| Goeun: You messed up, Cheolsu! You should have said "seven" instead of "six" because I clapped at "six." |
| 팀: 철수야, 너 바보구나. 육"6"다음엔 칠"7"이지! 하하하. |
| Tim: Hey, Cheolsu, you're so dumb. "Seven" comes after "six," ha ha ha! |
| 철수: 그럼, 우린 다 바보 친구들인가!!? 하하하!!! |
| Cheolsu: Then that would mean you're all fools because you're my friends, right? Ha ha. |
| 고은: 자, 차 열쇠 이리 줘. 자. 이제 집으로 출발.!!! |
| Goeun: Okay. Give me the car keys. Let's hit the road and head home! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Joshua: 형, I really feel jealous of them. |
| Tim: 왜요? 왜왜왜? |
| Joshua: It sounds like they are having such a good time playing 삼육구, 369. |
| Tim: 아, 그거요? 그들 모두 절친이잖아요. |
| Joshua: I know that they are good friends. It’s not that. I want to play 369 game with someone. Someone who is easygoing and funny. Aha, 찾았어요. |
| Tim: Who who who? |
| Joshua: I found that someone. |
| Tim: 찾았어? 누구 누구? 근데 왜 그런 이글거리는 눈으로 나를 보는 거지? 혹...시... |
| Joshua: 예, 형! 형, 도망치치 마세요. Don’t be a chicken. Let’s have one on one Joshua and Tim 369 battle. |
| Tim: 좋아. 후회하게 만들어 주겠어. 그럼 일단 청취자분들을 위해서 게임 방법을 간단히 알려 주세요. Please tell us about the rules of 369. |
| Joshua: 알겠습니다. The rules are very simple. The players take turns counting numbers starting from 1, but you must not count or say any number that has a 3, 6, or 9. |
| Tim: Umm then what do we do instead of saying it? |
| Joshua: You must clap your hands instead. |
| Tim: Ah clap. Okay I think we all got it. 자, 그럼 3판 양승제로 할까요? Then shall we play for the best 2 out of 3? |
| Joshua: 좋아요, 형. |
| Joshua &Tim: 369, 369, 369, 369. |
| Tim: 일 |
| Joshua: 이 |
| Tim: Clap. |
| Joshua: 사 |
| Tim: 오 |
| Joshua: Clap. |
| Tim: 칠 |
| Joshua: 팔 |
| Tim: Clap. |
| Joshua: 구. 아…! |
| Tim: 걸렸구나. You are busted. |
| Joshua: That’s not fair. |
| Tim: 뭐가요 뭐가? 알았어요. Okay this time, let’s play it in English. |
| Joshua: Okay. |
| Tim &Joshua: 369, 369, 369. |
| Tim: 1 |
| Joshua: 2 |
| Tim: Clap. |
| Joshua: 4 |
| Tim: 5 |
| Joshua: Clap. |
| Tim: 6 Ah no!! |
| Joshua: Ha ha ha 형, 틀렸구나. You made a mistake. |
| Tim: 알아 알아, 조슈아. That’s not fair. I will play it in Korean and you, Joshua, you play it in English. Deal? |
| Joshua: Deal. |
| Tim: Okay. |
| Tim &Joshua: 369, 369, 369, 369. |
| Tim: 일 |
| Joshua: Two |
| Tim: Three. Oh no! no, no. I got confused with English. I hate English. 난 바보인가 봐. |
| Joshua: Yeah. I won! |
| Tim: Oh man! |
| Joshua: 형, 이제 공부해요. Okay now let’s move on to today’s key vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Joshua: The first word we shall see is |
| Tim: 틀리다. |
| Joshua: To be wrong. |
| Tim: 틀리다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 틀리다 [natural native speed] And next 빠지다. |
| Joshua: To be out. |
| Tim: 빠지다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 빠지다 [natural native speed] And next 완전. |
| Joshua: Very, quite, slang. |
| Tim: 완전 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 완전 [natural native speed] And next word 실망이다. |
| Joshua: To be disappointed. |
| Tim: 실망이다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 실망이다 [natural native speed] And we have 걸리다. |
| Joshua: To get caught. |
| Tim: 걸리다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 걸리다 [natural native speed] And next 창피하다. |
| Joshua: To be embarrassed. |
| Tim: 창피하다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 창피하다 [natural native speed] Next we have 남다. |
| Joshua: To stay. |
| Tim: 남다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 남다 [natural native speed] Next 바보. |
| Joshua: Fool. |
| Tim: 바보 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 바보 [natural native speed] Next we have 열쇠. |
| Joshua: Key. |
| Tim: 열쇠 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 열쇠 [natural native speed] Last we have 이리. |
| Joshua: Over here, here, to this side. |
| Tim: 이리 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 이리 [natural native speed] |
| Joshua: Let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words from this lesson. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Joshua: The first word is |
| Tim: 틀리다. |
| Joshua: To be wrong, to be incorrect or to make a mistake. 그럼 형? |
| Tim: 왜요, 조슈아? |
| Joshua: If 틀리다 is a verb, what is the adjective form that means wrong or false? |
| Tim: 아… 그거는요 틀린. 틀린 which means mistaken, improper, wrong or false. |
| Joshua: I see. Then, what would be its noun form that means an error or a fault? |
| Tim: 아… 그거는요 틀림. 틀림 which means a mistake, an error or a fault. |
| Joshua: Got it. 형 그럼, let’s make some example sentences using 틀리다 to be wrong. |
| Tim: 좋아요. What about this? 조슈아, 너의 잘못은 없어. 내가 틀렸어. 미안해. |
| Joshua: Which means Joshua, you did not make any mistake. It was me who made a mistake. Sorry. |
| Tim: Hmm ah! Here is another example. 팀 선생님, 틀린 곳이 있으면 말해 주세요. |
| Joshua: Which means teacher Tim, please tell me if there are any mistakes. That’s a very useful expression for students. 좋은데요? 자, 그럼 다음 단어는 뭐지요? |
| Tim: 걸리다. This word 걸리다 has many meanings. |
| Joshua: How many? |
| Tim: I guess 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 5, 5… |
| Joshua: 다섯 개나요? As many as five? |
| Tim: Umm.. |
| Joshua: 형, let’s share them all. |
| Tim : Ah sure. First, 걸리다 means to hang or to be hung. |
| Joshua: Two, 걸리다 means to take some time or to require time. |
| Tim: Three, 걸리다 also means to be caught in a net or a trap. |
| Joshua: And four, it also means to get sick or to catch illness. |
| Tim: And lastly, it means to be busted. |
| Joshua: Ah that’s how it was used in today’s conversation. 맞죠, 형? |
| Tim: 응, 맞아. |
| Joshua: 그럼, 형, examples please. |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. What about this? 야, 철수! 너 딱 걸렸어. 이제 네가 술래야. |
| Joshua: Which means hey 철수 you are so busted. Now you are it. I have one too. |
| Tim: What is that? |
| Joshua: Can you translate it into Korean? |
| Tim: 응. |
| Joshua: Tim got busted when he ate Debbie’s snacks without her permission. |
| Tim: Ah that would be 데비 허락 없이 과자를 먹다가 팀은 딱 걸렸습니다. 뭐라고 너? 너 그거 어떻게 알았어 어떻게? How did you know? |
| Joshua: Debbie told me about that before. |
| Tim: What! |
| Joshua: Well now let’s move on to the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Tim: In this lesson, we will learn how to use the expression 뭐뭐는구나. |
| Joshua: Yes. This expression 는구나 is a sentence ending phrase that is used by the speaker to show that they are certain about what they are saying. |
| Tim: 응. |
| Joshua: So the sentence ending 는구나 is often used with exclamations or exclamatory sentences. Am I right, Tim? |
| Tim: 예, 맞아요. |
| Joshua: 형, 그럼 can you tell us about the formation first? |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. The formation is verb stem plus 구나 or verb stem plus 는구나. |
| Joshua: Yes. Rule #1. Attach 구나 if the tense is the past tense. |
| Tim: Yes. Rule #2. Attach 는구나 if the tense is the present tense. |
| Joshua: Let’s show some examples, please. |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. Let’s start with rule #1 where you attach 구나 when the verb is the past tense. Let’s try one from today’s key vocabulary. 틀리다 to be wrong. What would it be in the past tense, Joshua? |
| Joshua: 틀렸다. |
| Tim: All right. 틀렸 is the verb stem. Then we add 구나 so it becomes 틀렸구나 meaning you were wrong or you made a mistake. Here is an example sentence. 너의 계산은 틀렸구나. |
| Joshua: Which means your calculation was way off. What about this one? 걸렸구나. You got busted. |
| Tim: Ah Joshua just used the verb 걸리다 to get busted or to get caught. 걸렸다 is the past tense of 걸리다. 걸렸 is the verb stem then we add 구나 so it becomes 걸렸구나 meaning you got busted. |
| Joshua: 예, 맞아요. Okay this time, let’s take a look at rule #2 where you attach 는구나 when the verb is in the present tense. |
| Tim: 응. |
| Joshua: Let’s use the verb 남다 which means to remain or to be left. |
| Tim: Okay. 남 is the verb stem, then we add 는구나 so it becomes 남는구나 meaning something is left behind. For example, 결국 나 혼자만 남는구나. |
| Joshua: Which means I am left all alone in the end. |
| Tim: Here is another example. 결국 과자 봉지만 남는구나 meaning in the end, only an empty snack bag is left. |
| Joshua: Ha ha ha. Well… 형이 과자를 다 먹었어요? Is it because you ate them all? |
| Tim: Yes, you are absolutely right about that. |
| Joshua: Okay let’s do one more example with the verb 빠지다 which means to be left out or to be dropped. |
| Tim: Sure. 빠지다 means to be left out. 빠지 is the verb stem, then we add 는구나 so it becomes 빠지는구나 meaning something is left out. For example, 조슈아는 게임에서 졌으니까 빠지는구나. |
| Joshua: Which means Joshua is left out since he lost a bet. Hey that’s not true. |
| Tim: What! |
| Joshua: It was you. |
| Tim: What? |
| Joshua: Tim who lost the 369 game against me. Do you want proof? |
| Tim: No. |
| Joshua: Let’s show everyone. |
| Tim: Okay just bring it on. |
| Tim &Joshua: 369, 369, 369, 369. |
| Tim: 일 |
| Joshua: 이 |
| Tim: Clap. |
| Joshua: 사 |
| Tim: 오 |
| Joshua: Clap. |
| Tim: 칠 |
| Joshua: 팔 |
| Tim: Clap. |
| Joshua: 십 |
| Tim: 십일 |
| Joshua: 십이 |
| Tim: 십삼. Ah no! |
| Joshua: Yeah! |
| Tim: 또 졌구나. I lost again. |
| Joshua: There you go, ha ha ha! |
Outro |
| Joshua: Okay, that’s all for today’s lesson. |
| Tim: 여러분, 들어 주셔서 감사드리고요. |
| Joshua: 저도 감사해요. |
| Tim &Joshua: 그럼 여러분, 안녕. Bye everyone. |
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