Learn about VST +아/어/여 내다, meaning that the preceding verb was finished with difficulty
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Tim: 안녕하세요, KoreanClass101.com 여러분. 팀입니다. |
| Debbie: Can You Take The Heat in Korea? |
| Tim: 안녕하세요, 여러분. Tim here. 잘 지내셨지요? |
| Debbie: 안녕하세요, everyone. Debbie here. 방가방가, KoreanClass101.com 여러분. |
| Tim: 방가방가, KoreanClass101.com 여러분. 우리와 함께 즐겁게 한국어 공부해요. Let’s have fun learning Korean. |
| Debbie: 재밌고 능률적인 수업들과 함께요. With fun and effective lessons. So Tim, what are we looking at in this lesson? |
| Tim: 예. 오늘의 표현은요 today’s expression is 아 or 어 or 여 내다 which can be used to describe actions that are completed with difficulty. |
| Debbie: For example, 견디어 내다 to endure something until the end. |
| Tim: Good. For another example, 참아 내다 to stick it out until the end. |
| Debbie: Where does this conversation take place? |
| Tim: 찜질방에서. At a Korean sauna. |
| Debbie: The conversation is between |
| Tim: Tim, 수진, 철수 and 고은. |
| Debbie: And since the speakers are friends, the speakers will be speaking informal Korean. |
| Tim: 반말입니다. Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 수진: 우와. 여기 찜질방 정말 크다.. |
| 고은: 그러게. 거기다가 방이 3종류나 있어 - "얼음의 방," "소금의 방," "불의 방." |
| 철수: "불의 방!?" 거기 재미있겠다! 우리 저기 불의 방에 들어가자! |
| 팀: 들어가서? |
| 철수: 끝까지 견뎌 내는 게임을 하는 거지. |
| 팀: 흠… 그거 재미있겠다. 그럼, 우리 커플 게임으로 할까? |
| 수진: 좋았어! 그럼 커플 중의 한 명만 남아도 이기는 걸로 하자. |
| 고은: 헉헉.더 이상은 못 견디겠다! 수진아, 우린 먼저 나가자.. |
| 수진: 그래, 팀, 화이팅! 참아 내. 자기야.! |
| 고은: 견뎌 내. 철수야.! 사랑해. 자기! |
| 팀: 내 사랑, 수진이를 위해서 끝까지 견뎌 내겠어! |
| 철수: 내 사랑, 고은이를 위해 열을 이겨 내겠어! |
| 수진: 고은아, 쟤네 좀 이상해! |
| 고은: 철수야! 눈 떠! 일어나! |
| Tim: 이번에는 천천히 들어 보겠습니다. |
| Debbie: Let’s listen to it one time slowly. |
| 수진: 우와. 여기 찜질방 정말 크다.. |
| 고은: 그러게. 거기다가 방이 3종류나 있어 - "얼음의 방," "소금의 방," "불의 방." |
| 철수: "불의 방!?" 거기 재미있겠다! 우리 저기 불의 방에 들어가자! |
| 팀: 들어가서? |
| 철수: 끝까지 견뎌내는 게임을 하는 거지. |
| 팀: 흠… 그거 재미있겠다. 그럼, 우리 커플 게임으로 할까? |
| 수진: 좋았어! 그럼 커플 중의 한 명만 남아도 이기는 걸로 하자. |
| 고은: 헉헉.더 이상은 못 견디겠다! 수진아, 우린 먼저 나가자.. |
| 수진: 그래, 팀, 화이팅! 참아 내. 자기야.! |
| 고은: 견뎌 내. 철수야.! 사랑해. 자기! |
| 팀: 내 사랑, 수진이를 위해서 끝까지 견뎌 내겠어! |
| 철수: 내 사랑, 고은이를 위해 열을 이겨 내겠어! |
| 수진: 고은아, 쟤네 좀 이상해! |
| 고은: 철수야! 눈 떠! 일어나! |
| Tim: 이번에는 영어 번역과 함께 들어 보겠습니다. |
| Debbie: Let’s listen to it one time with the translation. |
| 수진: 우와. 여기 찜질방 정말 크다.. |
| Sujin: Wow. This steam room is really big! |
| 고은: 그러게. 거기다가 방이 3종류나 있어 - "얼음의 방," "소금의 방," "불의 방." |
| Goeun: Isn't it? There are even three types of rooms…an "ice room," a "salt room," and a "fire room." |
| 철수: "불의 방!?" 거기 재미있겠다! 우리 저기 불의 방에 들어가자! |
| Cheolsu: "A fire room?" That sounds interesting! Let's go into the "fire room" over there! |
| 팀: 들어가서? |
| Tim: And after that? |
| 철수: 끝까지 견뎌 내는 게임을 하는 거지. |
| Cheolsu: Let's play a game and see who can last the longest in the room. |
| 팀: 흠… 그거 재미있겠다. 그럼, 우리 커플 게임으로 할까? |
| Tim: Hmm. That sounds interesting! Should we play in teams? |
| 수진: 좋았어! 그럼 커플 중의 한 명만 남아도 이기는 걸로 하자. |
| Sujin: Okay! Let's make it a rule that if one person from either team remains, they win. |
| 고은: 헉헉.더 이상은 못 견디겠다! 수진아, 우린 먼저 나가자.. |
| Goeun: I can't take it anymore! Sujin, let's get out of here. |
| 수진: 그래, 팀, 화이팅! 참아 내. 자기야.! |
| Sujin: Okay. You can do it, Tim! Bear the heat! |
| 고은: 견뎌 내. 철수야.! 사랑해. 자기! |
| Goeun: Stick it out, Cheolsu! I love you! |
| 팀: 내 사랑, 수진이를 위해서 끝까지 견뎌 내겠어! |
| Tim: My love, Sujin, I'll stick it out until the end for you! |
| 철수: 내 사랑, 고은이를 위해 열을 이겨 내겠어! |
| Cheolsu: My love, Goeun, I'll bear up against the heat for you! |
| 수진: 고은아, 쟤네 좀 이상해! |
| Sujin: Goeun, look at them. Something's wrong! |
| 고은: 철수야! 눈 떠! 일어나! |
| Goeun: Cheolsu! Open your eyes! Wake up! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Debbie: Today’s conversation took place at a 찜질방 which is a Korean style steam room. Can you briefly break down the word for our listeners? |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. 찜질 means heated bath or hot sauna and 방 means a room. So altogether 찜질방 means a hot sauna room, in other words, a steam room. 자, 그럼 오늘은 한국의 찜질방에 가 볼까요? Let’s call our correspondent Debbie again. |
| Debbie: 좋아요. |
| Tim: Welcome to KoreanClass101.com News. Today Debbie is reporting live from a 찜질방. 연결해 보겠습니다. 데비 리포터, 데비 리포터. |
| Debbie: 네. After a hard day’s work, I decided to stop by one of my favorite places to wind down which is a Korean style sauna 찜질방. 정말 덥네요. It’s really hot in here. |
| Tim: So Debbie, what exactly is a 찜질방? |
| Debbie: 찜질방 is a large Korean style dry sauna or steam room and you can find at least one in every neighborhood in Korea and they are furnished with hot tubs, showers, saunas, massage tables and many other amenities. |
| Tim: Wow! There are hot tubs, saunas, massage tables and others all in one place. Unbelievable! What else can you tell us about 찜질방? |
| Debbie: Well since it’s too hot in here, I can’t talk too much. Uh so I will keep it short and give you five quick reasons as to why everyone should stop by at least once. |
| Tim: 알겠습니다. 천 번째. |
| Debbie: They are open 24 hours. |
| Tim: 두 번째. |
| Debbie: The 찜질방 has become a popular place to relax and hang out for many Korean families. |
| Tim: 세 번째. |
| Debbie: Some 찜질방s come equipped with snack bars and wide screen TVs. |
| Tim: 네 번째. |
| Debbie: Visitors can spend the night there and sleep. |
| Tim: 마지막으로 다섯 번째. |
| Debbie: It usually costs no more than 10,000 won which is approximately USD 9. |
| Tim: Okay Debbie, thank you for sticking it out and talking to our KoreanClass101.com listeners. |
| Debbie: Thank you for listening everyone. 여러분, 너무 더워요. It’s really hot in here. |
| Tim: Oh Debbie! Debbie! Poor Debbie! I hope she will be fine. |
| Debbie: Ha ha ha! I shall be fine. Okay now let’s move on to today’s key vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Debbie: The first word is |
| Tim: 들어가다. |
| Debbie: To enter, to go into. |
| Tim: 들어가다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 들어가다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: The next word is |
| Tim: 끝까지. |
| Debbie: To the end, until the end. |
| Tim: 끝까지 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 끝까지 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And next we have |
| Tim: 커플. |
| Debbie: Couple. |
| Tim: 커플 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 커플 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And next we have |
| Tim: 남다. |
| Debbie: To stay. |
| Tim: 남다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 남다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: The next word is |
| Tim: 열. |
| Debbie: Heat. |
| Tim: 열 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 열 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And next we have |
| Tim: 이겨 내다. |
| Debbie: To overcome. |
| Tim: 이겨 내다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 이겨 내다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And next we have |
| Tim: 이상하다. |
| Debbie: To be strange, to be weird. |
| Tim: 이상하다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 이상하다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And next we have |
| Tim: 눈을 뜨다. |
| Debbie: To open one’s eyes. |
| Tim: 눈을 뜨다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 눈을 뜨다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And next we have |
| Tim: 불. |
| Debbie: Fire, light. |
| Tim: 불 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 불 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And finally we have |
| Tim: 얼음. |
| Debbie: Ice. |
| Tim: 얼음 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 얼음 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: Let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words from this lesson. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Debbie: Today we are going to tackle three verbs. The first verb is |
| Tim: 견디다. To endure or to bear. |
| Debbie: Yes. 견디다 is often used to describe someone enduring something difficult. Tim, 예문 부탁해요. |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. How about this? 팀의 발냄새 때문에 더 이상 견딜수가 없어요. |
| Debbie: Which means I cannot bear the smell of Tim’s feet anymore. And that’s a true statement. Okay I have one too. 참고 견디면 좋은 시간이 올 거야. If you can endure the hard times, you will be rewarded. |
| Tim: Nice one. |
| Debbie: 자, 다음 단어는 뭐죠? What’s the next verb? |
| Tim: 이기다. To overcome or to win. |
| Debbie: Yes. 이기다 is often used to describe when someone overcomes a certain hardship or when a competition is won. An example sentence please |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. What about this? 힘든 시간을 참고 이기면 행운이 올 거야. |
| Debbie: Which means if you can endure and overcome a difficult time, you will be rewarded. |
| Tim: Umm… |
| Debbie: Great example. It’s really uplifting. Okay I also have one. |
| Tim: Yes. |
| Debbie: 이 시합에서 이기면 결승이야. If we win this match, we can move on to the finals. |
| Tim: 아... 준결승 시합을 말하는 건가요? Are you referring to the semi-finals, ha ha ha? |
| Debbie: 자, 그럼 마지막 단어는 뭐죠? What’s the last verb? |
| Tim: 참다. To suppress or to refrain or to endure or to bear as well. |
| Debbie: Yes and actually 참다 is interchangeable with 견디다 to endure. 팀, 예문 부탁해요. |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. What about this? 데비 씨, 팀의 발냄새를 참으세요. |
| Debbie: Which means Debbie, try to endure the smell of Tim’s feet. Tim, no one can stand the smell of your feet, no one. |
| Tim: 근데 인정합니다. I admit it, that’s true. |
| Debbie: Okay well I also have an example sentence. |
| Tim: 뭔데요? |
| Debbie: 숨을 오랫동안 참으면 몸에 해로워요. It’s harmful to your health to hold your breath for too long. |
| Tim: Wow, that’s a good example sentence. 저는요 숨을 20초도 못 참아요. I can’t even hold my breath for 20 seconds. |
| Debbie: What! You can’t hold your breath for 20 seconds? |
| Tim: No, no, no, no, no… |
| Debbie: I don’t believe you. Okay now let’s move on to the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Debbie: The focus of today’s lesson is an expression used to describe actions that were completed with difficulty. |
| Tim: 예. 한국어로 ‘아 or 어 or 여 내다’입니다. |
| Debbie: So Tim, can you tell us about the structure of 아 or 어 or 여 내다? |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. 아 or 어 or 여 내다 can be divided into two parts. One is 아 or 어 or 여 and the other one is 내다. |
| Debbie: So first, 아 or 어 or 여 is a connective ending used to express a prerequisite for objects implying a sense of obligation. |
| Tim: Yes. Second 내다 is a verb meaning to all the way to the end. Therefore altogether 아 or 어 or 여 plus 내다 means something was or is finished with difficulties. |
| Debbie: Can you tell us its formation? |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. The formation is verb stem plus 아 or 어 or 여 plus 내다. |
| Debbie: And can you give us some examples? It’s a bit hard for us to understand. |
| Tim: Yes. 예, 알겠습니다. Today we’ve learned three verbs from the lesson key vocabulary. Can you tell us what they are, Debbie? |
| Debbie: Sure. They are 견디다 to endure, 이기다 to overcome and 참다 to suppress. |
| Tim: Great. So now I will give you examples of those three verbs. First, let’s start with 견디다 to endure. 견디 is the verb stem. Then we add 어 내다 so it becomes 견디어 내다 meaning to endure something. Here is an example sentence. 당신은 어떠한 고난도 견디어 낼 수 있습니다. |
| Debbie: Which means you can endure any kind of hardship. |
| Tim: 예, 맞아요, 여러분. 한국어 문법이 어렵지만 견디어 내세요. We all know that studying Korean grammar point is difficult but listeners, hang in there. |
| Debbie: 예, 맞아요. 여러분, 화이팅. |
| Tim: 화이팅. 화이팅. |
| Debbie: What about with the second verb 이기다 to overcome or to win? |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. 이기다 means to win or to overcome. 이기 is the verb stem. Then we add 어 내다 so it becomes 이기어 내다 meaning to overcome something. Here is an example sentence that reminds me of the time I served in the Korean military. 팀 이등병, 넌 이 힘든 훈련을 이겨 낼 수 있어. |
| Debbie: Which means keep your chin up Private Tim. You can make it through this hard training. Poor Tim! 그래서 훈련을 이겨 냈어요? So did you make it through the hard training? |
| Tim: 아니요. 거의 죽다 살아났었죠. No, I just felt like I died and came back from the dead. |
| Debbie: Okay and the last verb is 참다 to suppress, to bear. |
| Tim: 예, 알겠습니다. 참다 means to suppress or to bear. 참 is the verb stem. Then we add 아 내다 so it becomes 참아 내다 meaning to suppress something. Here is an example sentence. 팀의 지독한 발냄새를 참아 낸 데비는 진정한 승자입니다. |
| Debbie: Which means Debbie is a true winner because she endured the smell of Tim’s feet. 맞아요. 저는 진정한 승리자예요. Yes, you are right Tim. I am the real winner. |
| Tim: 예, 정말 지독한 승자이지요. Yes, you were really determined to become a winner. |
| Debbie: Yes, I was. |
Outro |
| Debbie: Okay well, that’s all for today’s lesson. |
| Tim: 여러분, 즐겁게 한국어 공부하셨나요? |
| Debbie: 네. 그럼 여러분, 다음 시간에 또 만나요. See you next time. |
| Tim: Bye. |
| Debbie: 팀 씨. |
| Tim: 네. |
| Debbie: 다음 녹음 때는 꼭 발 씻고 오세요. |
| Tim: 제가 그렇게 발냄새가 심해요? 우와… 장난 아니다. |
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