Learn how to say지 않으면 안 되다, which means "If you don't do it, it won't do"--or, in other words, "You must do it"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Tim: 안녕하세요, KoreanClass101.com 여러분. 팀입니다. |
| Debbie: Debbie here. It Doesn’t Do to be Rude in Korea. Hello and welcome to KoreanClass101.com, the fastest, easiest and most fun way to learn Korean. I am joined in the studio by |
| Tim: Hello everyone. Tim here. 여러분, 정말 보고 싶었어요. |
| Debbie: 여러분, 저도요. Tim, what are we looking at in this lesson? |
| Tim: Today, we are going to learn about the expression 뭐뭐하지 않으면 안 된다. |
| Debbie: Which literally translates into a double negative, shouldn’t not do something or in other words, must or have to do something. |
| Tim: 예. For example, 조심하지 않으면 안 돼요. You shouldn’t not be careful or you should be careful. |
| Debbie: I have one too. 오늘 녹음 잘하지 않으면 안 돼요. We shouldn’t not do a good job on today’s recording or we should do a good job on today’s recording. |
| Tim: 예, 정말 좋은 예문이네요. Nice one. |
| Debbie: 자, 그럼 이제 수업에 관해서 이야기해요. 어디에서 대화가 이루어지죠? Where does this conversation take place? |
| Tim: 차 안에서. In the car. |
| Debbie: 누구와 누구 사이의 대화죠? The conversation is between |
| Tim: 철수, 수진, 그리고 팀. |
| Debbie: Since the speakers are close friends, the speakers will be speaking informal Korean. |
| Tim: 반말입니다. 자, 그럼 대화를 들어 볼까요? Let’s listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 팀: 철수야!! 전화 끊을 때 고은이한테 좀 부드럽게 말을 하지. 뭐, "사랑해" 그런 말도 하고. |
| 철수: 뭐, "사랑해!?" 난 그렇게 얘기 하는 게 좀 힘들어! |
| 팀: 여자친구한테 말을 조심하지 않으면 안 돼. |
| 수진: 맞아! 여자들은 다 마음에 담아 놓는다. |
| 철수: 아니야. 우리 고은이는 '나쁜 남자'가 이상형이야. 이런 나의 모습을 좋아하지. 푸하하하. |
| 수진: 뭐!? 하하 |
| 철수: 근데, 수진아! 팀이 평소에 잘해 줘? |
| 수진: 그럼. 팀은 나한테 잘하지 않으면 안 돼. 왜냐면 나처럼 완벽한 여자를 여친으로 두었으니까, 그렇지 팀? |
| 팀: 어. (수진이 눈치를 보며) 맞아! 나는 수진이한테 충성하지 않으면 안 돼. "충성!" |
| 수진: 하하하. 이것 봐. 어, 저기 고은이가 있네, "고은아, 여기야!" |
| Tim: 이번에는 천천히 들어 보겠습니다. |
| Debbie: Let’s listen to it one time slowly. |
| 팀: 철수야!! 전화 끊을 때 고은이한테 좀 부드럽게 말을 하지. 뭐, "사랑해" 그런 말도 하고. |
| 철수: 뭐, "사랑해!?" 난 그렇게 얘기 하는 게 좀 힘들어! |
| 팀: 여자친구한테 말을 조심하지 않으면 안 돼. |
| 수진: 맞아! 여자들은 다 마음에 담아 놓는다. |
| 철수: 아니야. 우리 고은이는 '나쁜 남자'가 이상형이야. 이런 나의 모습을 좋아하지. 푸하하하. |
| 수진: 뭐!? 하하 |
| 철수: 근데, 수진아! 팀이 평소에 잘해 줘? |
| 수진: 그럼. 팀은 나한테 잘하지 않으면 안 돼. 왜냐면 나처럼 완벽한 여자를 여친으로 두었으니까, 그렇지 팀?. |
| 팀: 어. (수진이 눈치를 보며) 맞아! 나는 수진이한테 충성하지 않으면 안 돼. "충성!" |
| 수진: 하하하. 이것 봐. 어, 저기 고은이가 있네, "고은아, 여기야.!" |
| Tim: 이번에는 영어 번역과 함께 들어 보겠습니다. |
| Debbie: Now let’s listen to it with the translation. |
| 팀: 철수야!! 전화 끊을 때 고은이한테 좀 부드럽게 말을 하지. 뭐, "사랑해" 그런 말도 하고. |
| Tim: Hey, Cheolsu! You should've been nicer to Goeun when you were hanging up. You could've said "I love you" or something. |
| 철수: 뭐, "사랑해!?" 난 그렇게 얘기 하는게 좀 힘들어! |
| Cheolsu: What? I love you? It's difficult for me to say something like that. |
| 팀: 여자친구한테 말을 조심하지 않으면 안 돼. |
| Tim: You really have to watch what you say to your girlfriend. |
| 수진: 맞아! 여자들은 다 마음에 담아 놓는다. |
| Sujin: Tim is right! Women tend to take everything to heart. |
| 철수: 아니야. 우리 고은이는 '나쁜 남자'가 이상형이야. 이런 나의 모습을 좋아하지. 푸하하하. |
| Cheolsu: No. Goeun is different. She likes bad boys. That's why she likes me. Ha ha! |
| 수진: 뭐!? 하하 |
| Sujin: What? Ha ha! |
| 철수: 근데, 수진아! 팀이 평소에 잘해 줘? |
| Cheolsu: Sujin, what about Tim? Does he treat you well all the time? |
| 수진: 그럼. 팀은 나한테 잘하지 않으면 안 돼. 왜냐면 나처럼 완벽한 여자를 여친으로 두었으니까, 그렇지 팀? |
| Sujin: Of course! Tim has to treat me well because I'm the perfect girlfriend. Right, Tim? |
| 팀: 어. (수진이 눈치를 보며) 맞아! 나는 수진이한테 충성하지 않으면 안 돼. "충성!" |
| Tim: Err.(hesitating) Right! I have to be loyal to Sujin all the time. Loyal! |
| 수진: 하하하. 이것 봐. 어, 저기 고은이가 있네, "고은아, 여기야!" |
| Sujin: See? Ha ha ha. Eh! Goeun is over there, "Goeun, over here!" |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Debbie: So Tim, I have a question. Why does 철수 have to watch what he says to his girlfriend 고은? |
| Tim: 아… 왜냐면요 제 생각에는요 한국 여성분들은 마음에 담아 두니깐요. Because in my opinion personally, Korean women tend to take things to heart. 데비 씨는 어때요? 데비 씨는 마음에 담아 두세요? How about you, Debbie? Do you also tend to take things to heart? |
| Debbie: 음… 저는 그렇기도 하고 아니기도 하고. Sometimes I do and I don’t but speaking of relationships, Tim, since you are a lady’s man and a dating expert. |
| Tim: No way! |
| Debbie: What’s the dating culture like in Korea? |
| Tim: Okay. 한국에서 데이트를 하기 전에 우선 먼저 알아야 할 꼭 중요한 세 가지 포인트. There are three important things you should bear in mind before going on a date in Korea. 첫 번째, 남자가 데이트 비용을 지불한다. First, there is no such thing as going Dutch. I am sorry guys but the man always pays for everything on dates. |
| Debbie: Oh nice! I want a Korean boyfriend now but I also heard that Korean women expect the men to look nice and wear something other than jeans and a T-Shirt when they are on a date, right? |
| Tim: 아… 예. 두 번째, 정장을 입는다. Formal wear is favored over casual. |
| Debbie: Oh and the last point? |
| Tim: 마지막으로 예의 바르게 여자분께 행동한다. And finally, Korean women expect good etiquette and manners on a date. So try to be on your best behavior. |
| Debbie: I think that last point is pretty universal, right? |
| Tim: Umm… |
| Debbie: I mean most women usually prefer gentlemen. |
| Tim: Yes, yes. |
| Debbie: Then Tim, I don’t think you should date Korean women. |
| Tim: Uh what! Why, why, why, why not? |
| Debbie: 팀은 매너가 없어서요. Because you are not well mannered. |
| Tim: 아 뭐라고요? 무슨 말씀이세요?저 매너가 넘치죠 넘쳐. What! What are you talking about? I am a total gentleman. |
| Debbie: No way. Okay here is why I think that. What’s something you’ll always say to me it’s your favorite catchphrase? |
| Tim: My favorite phrase, ah 뻥이요. Just kidding. |
| Debbie: See, see? 매너가 넘치는 사람이 뻥이야가 뭐예요? A gentleman would never tease me by saying things like 뻥이야 just kidding. |
| Tim: 아… 그런가요? Is that so? Ha ha ha! |
| Debbie: Yes. Maybe if you don’t use it as much from now on, I will change my mind. |
| Tim: Ah okay, I will try. |
| Debbie: Now let’s move on to today’s key vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Debbie: The first word is |
| Tim: 한테. |
| Debbie: To, toward a person. |
| Tim: 한테 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 한테 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: The next word is |
| Tim: 말. |
| Debbie: Word. |
| Tim: 말 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 말 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: Next we have |
| Tim: 조심하다. |
| Debbie: To be careful, to be cautious. |
| Tim: 조심하다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 조심하다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: The next word is |
| Tim: 맞아. |
| Debbie: Yes, exactly. |
| Tim: 맞아 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 맞아 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: Next we have |
| Tim: 마음. |
| Debbie: Heart. |
| Tim: 마음 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 마음 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: The next word is |
| Tim: 담다. |
| Debbie: To put in. |
| Tim: 담다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 담다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: The next word is |
| Tim: 모습. |
| Debbie: Looks, figure, shape. |
| Tim: 모습 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 모습 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And next we have |
| Tim: 평소에. |
| Debbie: Usually under normal circumstances. |
| Tim: 평소에 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 평소에 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: The next word is |
| Tim: 완벽한. |
| Debbie: Perfect. |
| Tim: 완벽한 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 완벽한 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: And finally |
| Tim: 두다. |
| Debbie: Have, keep someone. |
| Tim: 두다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 두다 [natural native speed] |
| Debbie: Let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Debbie: The first phrase is |
| Tim: 마음에 담아 놓다. To take something that is said to heart. Let’s break the phrase down. First, 마음에 means to heart. |
| Debbie: And 담아 comes from 담다 which means to put into. |
| Tim: And lastly 놓다 is a verb that means to place. So 마음에 담아 놓다 means to take something that is said to heart. |
| Debbie: 그럼 Tim, I have an example sentence that you might find useful. |
| Tim: Okay. |
| Debbie: 팀, 뻥이야라고 말하지 마세요. 저는 마음에 다 담아 놔요. Tim, please stop saying just kidding. I always take it to heart. |
| Tim: Ah really, I didn’t know you took that to heart. I am sorry. |
| Debbie: 뻥이에요. Just kidding. |
| Tim: 여러분, 완전 속았네요. |
| Debbie: Okay our next word is |
| Tim: 이상형. An ideal type. Let’s break the word down. |
| Debbie: In English, ideal can be used as either a noun or an adjective, but in Korean 이상 is used as a noun like 이상 사회 an ideal society. |
| Tim: And 형 is a noun that means a type. So when those two words come together, 이상형 means an ideal type. Here is an example sentence 데니 씨, 당신의 이상형을 말해 주세요. Debbie, tell me who your ideal guy is? |
| Debbie: 저의 이상형은 자상한 사람입니다. My ideal guy is someone who is thoughtful and considerate. |
| Tim: 아… 저와 같은 사람을 말씀하시는군요. So you are saying, it’s someone like me. |
| Debbie: No way. Tim, you are far from being thoughtful or considerate. 여러분, 팀은 자상한 사람이 아니라 잔인한 사람이에요. Listeners, Tim is heartless, not thoughtful. |
| Tim: What! Heartless? No way! |
| Debbie: Yes, I can keep going but I will stop here so we can talk about the last word. |
| Tim: Okay. Our last word is 충성하다 which means to be loyal or faithful. If you are patriot, you can say 전 국가에 충성하는 군인입니다. |
| Debbie: Yes, which means I am a soldier who is loyal to my country. |
| Tim: Umm… |
| Debbie: Okay well that’s all for today’s key vocabulary. Now it’s time to move on to the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Debbie: Throughout this lesson, we will learn about an expression that means someone should do something or has to do something. |
| Tim: 예. 한국어로 뭐뭐지 않으면 안 되다. Let’s break the expression down. |
| Debbie: 좋아요. |
| Tim: First 않으면 is a phrase that uses the verb 않다 which means isn’t or don’t or doesn’t and 으면 which means if. So altogether it becomes 않으면 which literally means if you don’t. |
| Debbie: And 안 is an adverb meaning not. |
| Tim: Yes and 되다 means to be or to become. So when you combine all of the words, you can get 않으면 안 되다. It literally means if you don’t do something, it won’t do. |
| Debbie: Then it becomes a double negative clause. Shouldn’t not do something or to put it simply, you should do it or you have to do it. |
| Tim: Yes. |
| Debbie: So don’t think too much about the literal meaning. Just simply remember it as should do or have to do. Right, Tim? |
| Tim: 예, 맞아요. Then let’s have a look at the conjugation rule. The rule is verb stem plus 지 않으면 안 되다. |
| Debbie: Verb stem plus 지 않으면 안 되다 is that all? |
| Tim: Yes. For example, with the verb 말을 듣다 to obey, 말을 듣 verb stem plus 지 않으면 안 되다 so it becomes 말을 듣지 않으면 안 돼요 meaning you shouldn’t not obey me or in other words, you should obey me. Here is an example sentence. 팀은 데비의 말을 듣지 않으면 안 돼요. |
| Debbie: Which means Tim shouldn’t not obey Debbie or in other words, Tim should obey Debbie. |
| Tim: Yes. |
| Debbie: Which by the way is very true. So why don’t we try making a sentence with the vocabulary we just learned 충성하다 to be loyal or to be faithful. |
| Tim: Ah 충성하 verb stem plus 지 않으면 안 되다 so it becomes 충성하지 않으면 안 되다 meaning you shouldn’t not be loyal. In other words, you should be loyal. Here is an example sentence. 팀과 데비는 여러분께 충성하지 않으면 안 됩니다. |
| Debbie: Which means Tim and Debbie shouldn’t not be loyal to the listeners or in other words, Tim and Debbie have to be loyal to the listeners, right Tim? |
| Tim: 예, 맞아요. |
| Debbie: Okay Tim, let’s try it with one more verb 조심하다 to be careful or to be aware of. |
| Tim: Okay. 조심하 verb stem plus 지 않으면 안 되다 so it becomes 조심하지 않으면 안 되다 meaning you shouldn’t not be careful or you should be careful. Here is an example sentence. 팀은 데비가 화났을 때 조심하지 않으면 안 돼요. |
| Debbie: Which means Tim shouldn’t not be careful when Debbie is angry or in other words, Tim has to be careful when Debbie is angry which is also by the way very true. |
| Tim: 맞아요, 여러분. 저 좀 살려 주세요. Yes that’s true. Someone please save me. |
| Debbie: 팀 씨, 그럼 저한테 충성을 맹세하세요. Then you need to promise to be loyal to me. |
| Tim: 아니, 싫어요, 싫어요. 절대 충성 못 해요. 못 해, 못 해. No way. That will never happen. |
| Debbie: Wrong choice of words, Tim. |
| Tim: 충성! Loyalty! 절대 충성! Absolute loyalty! |
| Debbie: 뻥이에요. Just kidding. |
Outro |
| Debbie: Well, that’s all for today’s lesson. |
| Tim: 그럼 여러분, 오늘도 들어 주셔서 감사드리고요. |
| Debbie: 다음 레슨에서 또 만나요. |
| Tim: 여러분, 안녕. Bye. |
| Debbie: 여러분, 안녕. Bye. |
| Tim: 데비 씨, 저 충성 못 해요. |
| Debbie: 뭐라고요? |
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