Learn how to convey time using honorific sentences
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Michael: What Time Should We Meet in Korea? Michael Here. |
| Suhyun: 안녕하세요. (Annyeonghaseyo.) I'm Suhyun. |
| Michael: In this lesson you will learn how to ask questions and talk about time in Korean. The conversation takes place at a library. |
| Suhyun: It's between Sujin and Minho. |
| Michael: The speakers will be using honorific Korean. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| 수진: 민호씨. 우리, 몇 시에 친구를 만나요? |
| 민호: 7시에 친구를 만날 거예요. 지금은 몇 시예요? |
| 수진: 어머! 벌써 6시 40분이에요! |
| 민호: 아! 그럼 빨리 가요! 이십 분 밖에 안 남았어요. |
| Michael: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| 수진: 민호씨. 우리, 몇 시에 친구를 만나요? |
| 민호: 7시에 친구를 만날 거예요. 지금은 몇 시예요? |
| 수진: 어머! 벌써 6시 40분이에요! |
| 민호: 아! 그럼 빨리 가요! 이십 분 밖에 안 남았어요. |
| Michael: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Sujin: Minho, at what time do we meet our friend? |
| Minho: We meet our friend at 7. What time is it now? |
| Sujin: Oh my goodness! It's already 6: 40! |
| Minho: Ah! Then let's hurry up! We only have 20 minutes left. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Suhyun: Michael, have you ever heard about 코리안타임? |
| Michael: That means something like “Korean time”, right? |
| Suhyun: That's right. In the past, Korean people may not have always kept to appointment or meeting times with people. In fact, they were often around 10-20 minutes late! |
| Michael: But nowadays it seems like Korean people are very strict about being on time. |
| Suhyun: Yeah, more people are becoming very strict about being on time. But still, you might find some of your friends in Korea tend to arrive right on time rather than 10 minutes early. |
| Michael: I suggest you arrange to meet people somewhere like a bookstore, where you can spend 10 or 20 minutes by yourself while you’re waiting for the rest of the group. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Michael: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is... |
| Suhyun: 만나다 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to meet |
| Suhyun: 만나다[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 만나다 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Suhyun: 친구 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: friend |
| Suhyun: 친구[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 친구 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Suhyun: 어머 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: oh my, oh dear |
| Suhyun: 어머[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 어머 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Suhyun: 벌써 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: already |
| Suhyun: 벌써[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 벌써 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Suhyun: 빨리 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: fast, quickly |
| Suhyun: 빨리[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 빨리 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Suhyun: 가다 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to go |
| Suhyun: 가다[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 가다 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Suhyun: 밖에 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: only, no more than |
| Suhyun: 밖에[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 밖에 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: Next we have.. |
| Suhyun: 남다 [natural native speed] |
| Michael: to be left |
| Suhyun: 남다[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Suhyun: 남다 [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Michael: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Suhyun: 밖에 |
| Michael: It means "only, no more than" or “but only”. |
| Suhyun: Listeners, I have an important note for you about this word. This word can be followed only with the negative form of verbs, such as 없다 and 않다 |
| Michael: which means “not to have” or “not to be.” |
| Suhyun: This word can’t be used with a positive verb form such as 있어, meaning “there is” or “to have”. |
| Michael: Okay. So we understand it more clearly, could you give us a sentence using this word? |
| Suhyun: Sure. 나는 책 밖에 없다. |
| Michael: “I have nothing but only a book.” |
| Suhyun: To say “but only a book” I added the word 책 meaning “a book” right before the word 밖에. So it becomes 책 밖에 meaning “only a book” |
| Michael: And it ends with a negative verb, which is...? |
| Suhyun: 없다 meaning “not to have.” |
| Michael: Ok, what's the next key word? |
| Suhyun: it is 친구 (chingu) |
| Michael: "friend". This sounds like it shouldn't be too difficult? |
| Suhyun: Actually, it’s not the same as “friend” in English. 친구 (chingu) refers to friends of the same age only. For older or younger friends, you should use another word. |
| Michael: So if I have a friend who’s two years younger than me, I can’t use this word, right? |
| Suhyun: Right. Instead, you can call them 동생 (dong-saeng) which means “younger brother” or “younger sister”. |
| Michael: What about an older brother or older sister? |
| Suhyun: If you’re a male speaker, 형(hyeong) or 누나 (nuna). These mean “older brother” or “older sister.” |
| Michael: But they can be used to mean “friends who are older” as well. What about for female speakers, like you? |
| Suhyun: I will say 오빠 (oppa) for older male friends, and 언니 (eonni) for older female friends. |
| Michael: Listeners, you can find these words in the lesson notes as well, so be sure to check them out. |
| Suhyun: And here’s one more note about this word. In Korean, the word ‘friend’ can refer to anyone the speaker knows in person. In English, you don’t say “I have 30 friends in my classroom” but we do. |
| Michael: That’s right. It seems like Korean people tend to start calling others friends even if they've met just once or twice. Is there a specific word you can use for real or close friends? |
| Suhyun: Well 베스트프렌드 or 베프 should be fine. These are from the English word “Best friend.” |
| Michael: Okay. Now onto the grammar. |
Lesson focus |
| Michael: In this lesson you will learn how to ask questions and talk about time in Korean. First, let’s take a look at the most important expression to know when you’re talking about time. Suhyun, how can we say “What time is it?” in Korean? |
| Suhyun: In Korean, that’s 몇 시예요? (myeot si-yeyo?) |
| Michael: Let's break down this phrase for our listeners. |
| Suhyun: Sure thing! 몇 means "how many" or "which number", and 시 means "o'clock". So 몇 시 means “what time” or literally “what o’clock”. And we have 예요, the copula meaning "to be". So altogether we have 몇 시예요 meaning "What time is it?" |
| Michael: Great. And what if we want to make the question more specific, by saying.. “What time is the bus?” |
| Suhyun: In that case, you can simply add the word 버스는 at the beginning. 버스 means “bus” and 는 is the topic-marking particle. |
| Michael: So “What time is the bus?” in Korean is? |
| Suhyun: 버스는 몇 시예요? |
| Michael: What about “What time is the train?” |
| Suhyun: 기차 is the word for “train”, so you can simply replace it with 버스. |
| Michael: So, “what time is the train?” in Korean is..? |
| Suhyun: 기차는 몇 시예요? |
| Michael: Okay. And in the dialogues, the characters were talking about what time they will meet. What’s that in Korean? |
| Suhyun: If you want to ask about the time of a specific action - for example,"What time do we meet?", you can say 몇 시에 만나요? |
| Michael: The ending changed, right? |
| Suhyun: That’s right. I used the verb 만나요 meaning “to meet” after saying 몇 시에 meaning “what time.” |
| Michael: Like this sentence, if you want to ask about what time you meet someone, or about any other action, you can put the verb indicating the action after saying... |
| Suhyun: 몇시에 meaning “What time”. |
| Michael: Using the same pattern, how can you say “What time will we eat?” |
| Suhyun: You can say.. 몇 시에 먹어요? 먹어요 is the verb meaning “to eat.” |
| Michael: Okay, now let’s learn how to give the time. When you are asked what time it is, you just need to give the time. |
| Suhyun: For example, if it’s 10: 20, you can say 열 시 이십 분. 열 means “10”, 시 means “o’clock” or “hours.” so 열 시 means “10 o’clock.” |
| Michael: In Korean, there are two different types of numbers – Sino-Korean, which is based on Chinese numbers, and native Korean numbers. With hours, you need to use native Korean numbers. |
| Suhyun: For minutes, we had 이십 meaning “twenty” and 분 meaning “minutes.” Make sure you use the Sino Korean numbers with minutes. |
| Michael: So altogether, we have.. |
| Suhyun: 열 시 이십 분 |
| Michael: meaning “10: 20” |
| Suhyun: You can add a sentence-ending particle like 입니다 or 이예요 at the end. |
| Michael: Listeners, for more example and explanations please check the lesson notes. You can find the list of Sino- and native Korean numbers as well. |
Outro |
| Michael: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Suhyun: 안녕히 계세요. (Annyeonghi gyeseyo.) |
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