Learn how to say Korean phrases meaning, "until," and "so that"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gyeong-eun: 안녕하세요, 최경은입니다. |
| Hyunwoo: Hyunwoo here. Almost to the Point Where You Learn Without Trying! So 경은 씨, in this lesson, what are we going to learn? |
| Gyeong-eun: In this lesson, you will learn how to describe the degree or the intensity of an action. |
| Hyunwoo: And where does this conversation take place? |
| Gyeong-eun: In the army. |
| Hyunwoo: In the army, and the conversation is between |
| Gyeong-eun: 2 soldiers. |
| Hyunwoo: 두 사람의 군인사이의 대화죠. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 맞아요. |
| Hyunwoo: And one is higher in ranking than the other, |
| Gyeong-eun: so they are using 반말 and 존댓말 respectively to each other. |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, okay, now let’s listen to the conversation. |
| Gyeong-eun: 빨리 들어 봐요. |
| Hyunwoo: 네! |
| DIALOGUE |
| 상병: 야, 이병. 이리 와 봐. |
| 이병: 이병 유명렬. |
| 상병: 시끄러워. 내가 귀가 아프도록 설명했는데, 이게 뭐야? |
| 이병: 네? 뭐가 잘못됐습니까? |
| 상병: 뭐가 잘못돼? 빨래가 왜 이래? 제대로 못 해? |
| 이병: 네. 잘못했습니다. |
| 상병: 빨래 다시 해. 전부 새 옷처럼 깨끗해지도록 빨래 해. |
| 이병: 네. 알겠습니다. 죄송합니다. 똑바로 하겠습니다. |
| 상병: 아휴... 내가 머리 아프도록 교육시켰는데, 뭐가 문제야? |
| 이병: 아니.. 제가... 그게... 아니라... |
| 상병: 조용히 해! 오늘 밤새도록 빨래 해! |
| Gyeong-eun: 영어로 한 번 더 (yeongeoro han beon deo). |
| Hyunwoo: One more time, with the English. |
| 상병: 야, 이병. 이리 와 봐. |
| Hyunwoo: Hey, Private Yu. Come over here. |
| 이병: 이병 유명렬. |
| Hyunwoo: Yes, sir. Private Yu Myeong Ryeol. |
| 상병: 시끄러워. 내가 귀가 아프도록 설명했는데, 이게 뭐야? |
| Hyunwoo: Be quiet. I explained it to you in so many different times. What is this? |
| 이병: 네? 뭐가 잘못됐습니까? |
| Hyunwoo: Pardon? What’s wrong? |
| 상병: 뭐가 잘못돼? 빨래가 왜 이래? 제대로 못 해? |
| Hyunwoo: What’s wrong? Why is the laundry like this? Can't you wash it properly? |
| 이병: 네. 잘못했습니다. |
| Hyunwoo: Sorry, sir. It's my fault, sir. |
| 상병: 빨래 다시 해. 전부 새 옷처럼 깨끗해지도록 빨래 해. |
| Hyunwoo: Do the laundry again. Wash it until all of it becomes clean like new clothes. |
| 이병: 네. 알겠습니다. 죄송합니다. 똑바로 하겠습니다. |
| Hyunwoo: Yes, sir. I got it. I'm sorry. I'll do it right. |
| 상병: 아휴... 내가 머리 아프도록 교육시켰는데, 뭐가 문제야? |
| Hyunwoo: (sigh) I trained you until my head hurt, and what's your problem? |
| 이병: 아니.. 제가... 그게... 아니라... |
| Hyunwoo: No, I um...it's not like... |
| 상병: 조용히 해! 오늘 밤새도록 빨래 해! |
| Hyunwoo: Be quiet! Do the laundry all night tonight. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Hyunwoo: Again, private Lee is having a hard time with his senior soldier. |
| Gyeong-eun: 불쌍해요. I feel sorry for him. |
| Hyunwoo: 하하, 괜찮아요. |
| Gyeong-eun: 괜찮아요? 왜요? 너무 고생하잖아요. |
| Hyunwoo: 물론 처음에는 힘들겠지만, he'll get used to it. |
| Gyeong-eun: I hope so, haha. |
| Hyunwoo: By the way, in this dialogue, the senior soldier is kind of exaggerating when he tells Private Lee to wash the clothes until they are as clean as new ones, and when he says that he explained until his ears hurt, but you can use this structure in more normal situations too. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네 맞아요. 그럼 이 표현을 어떻게 하는지 배워 볼까요? |
| Hyunwoo: Sure! but not yet, because we have some vocabulary to look at before we go on to the grammar point. |
| Gyeong-eun: 아, 맞아요. |
| Hyunwoo: 네, let’s look at vocabulary together. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, first up! |
| Gyeong-eun: 시끄럽다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be loud, to be noisy |
| Gyeong-eun: 시끄럽다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 시끄럽다 [natural native speed] |
| And the next : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 설명하다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to explain |
| Gyeong-eun: 설명하다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 설명하다 [natural native speed] |
| 그 다음에는 : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘못되다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be wrong |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘못되다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 잘못되다 [natural native speed] |
| And next: Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 제대로 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: properly |
| Gyeong-eun: 제대로 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 제대로 [natural native speed] |
| 그 다음에는 : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 깨끗해지다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to become clean |
| Gyeong-eun: 깨끗해지다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 깨끗해지다 [natural native speed] |
| And what’s the next one? : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 똑바로 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: properly, correctly |
| Gyeong-eun: 똑바로 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 똑바로 [natural native speed] |
| 그 다음에는 : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 교육시키다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to educate, to train |
| Gyeong-eun: 교육시키다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 교육시키다 [natural native speed] |
| And lastly : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: 밤새다 [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to stay up all night |
| Gyeong-eun: 밤새다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: 밤새다 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, before we go on, let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words that came out in this lesson, and the word we are looking at is, |
| Gyeong-eun: 교육시키다 |
| Hyunwoo: “to educate, to train” |
| Gyeong-eun: (slow) 교육시키다 (normal) 교육시키다 |
| Hyunwoo: Now the reason that I wanted to look at this word again is that actually, because you can just say 교육하다 instead of 교육시키다. |
| Gyeong-eun: 어, 맞네요? 교육하다. 교육시키다. 똑같아요. |
| Hyunwoo: 그렇죠? 그런데... if you were to talk about the difference between them, what is different? |
| Gyeong-eun: 음... 교육시키다 is more forcing and stronger than 교육하다. |
| Hyunwoo: That's right, because 시키다 means 'to make someone do something'. |
| Gyeong-eun: And 하다 means just “to do something”. |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, and usually, if you say 청소하다 and 청소시키다, they are two different things. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 맞아요. ‘청소하다’는 직접 하는 것이고, ‘청소시키다’는 다른 사람한테 시키는 거니까요. |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, and how about 공부하다 and 공부시키다? |
| Gyeong-eun: They are two different things, too. "to study" and "to make someone study". |
| Hyunwoo: But since 교육하다 is to educate someone, it already contains the meaning of “making someone educated”, so in Korean, 교육하다 can NEVER mean that you just educate yourself. It always means that you are educating someone else. |
| Gyeong-eun: Ah, so that's why 교육시키다 is the same thing, right? |
| Hyunwoo: Right. and there are some similar words like this too. |
| Gyeong-eun: 어떤 거요? |
| Hyunwoo: Oaky, what is 'to persuade' in Korean? |
| Gyeong-eun: 설득하다 |
| Hyunwoo: right. 설득하다, and you can't... say 설득하다 with yourself as the object in Korean. it doesn't make any sense. 저는 설득합니다. It doesn’t make sense. So it always has to be 저는 somebody를 설득합니다. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 맞아요. So again, that's why it's the same thing as 설득시키다, right? |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, right! 설득하다 and 설득시키다 are basically the same thing. So the bottom line is that for most words, the meaning changes depending on whether you use 하다 or 시키다 at the end, but for some words like "to educate" or "to persuade", 하다 and 시키다 are the same thing. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 알겠습니다. 그럼 문법 볼까요? |
| Hyunwoo: 네, 좋습니다! |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Hyunwoo: So, what's the grammar point of this lesson? |
| Gyeong-eun: The grammar point of this lesson is how to say "until", "so that...", or "almost to the point of..." in Korean. |
| Hyunwoo: As in the example? |
| Gyeong-eun: 어제 입이 아프도록 설명했어요. |
| Hyunwoo: "I explained it to him yesterday until my mouth hurt." |
| Gyeong-eun: When you are talking about the way that you do a certain action "so that '' something happens or "to the point where" something happens, you can use this structure. |
| Hyunwoo: But the meaning changes slightly depending on the context. So, -도록 usually takes the meaning of "so that" something happens, or "in order for something to happen" but it can also express the degree in which you do certain action. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 맞아요. |
| Hyunwoo: 맞죠? So, I think we can best explain how the two meanings are different by looking at sample sentences. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네. Here's one example. 심심하지 않도록, 책을 빌려줄게. |
| Hyunwoo: Oh thank you, and it means "I will lend you this book, so that you don't get bored, " |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, and the other one is, 팔이 아프도록 글씨를 썼어요. |
| Hyunwoo: "I kept writing until my arm started hurting." And please note that in the second example, -도록 does not mean "in order to" or "so that." |
| Gyeong-eun: 맞아요. No one would keep writing "in order to" make their arms hurt, right? |
| Hyunwoo: Right, that's what I'm saying! Great, now let's look at how this structure was used in the dialogue for this lesson, what do you think? |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 좋아요. 내가 귀가 아프도록 설명했는데, 이게 뭐야? |
| Hyunwoo: "I explained it to you in so many words until your ears hurt, what is this?" |
| Gyeong-eun: 전부 새 옷처럼 깨끗해지도록 빨래 해. |
| Hyunwoo: "Wash it until all of it becomes clean like new clothes." |
| Gyeong-eun: 내가 머리 아프도록 교육시켰는데, 뭐가 문제야? |
| Hyunwoo: "I trained you until my head hurt, and what's your problem?" |
| Gyeong-eun: 오늘 밤새도록 빨래 해! |
| Hyunwoo: "Do the laundry all night tonight.” Okay, great! Before we finish, let’s have a look at 3 more sample sentences, okay? I’ll say those sentences in English, and I would appreciate it if you could say those sentences in Korean for me and all our listeners. |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 알겠습니다. |
| Hyunwoo: Okay. How would you say in Korean, "There was no news from him until it was midnight." |
| Gyeong-eun: 12시가 되도록 아무 소식이 없었어요. |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, and how would you say, "I yelled so that everybody could hear me." |
| Gyeong-eun: 모두가 다 들을 수 있도록 소리를 쳤어요. |
| Hyunwoo: And lastly, how would you say, "Please speak slowly so that I can understand." |
| Gyeong-eun: 제가 이해할 수 있도록 천천히 말해 주세요. |
Outro |
| Hyunwoo: And the last one would also mean, “Please speak slowly enough/please speak slowly to the point where I can understand you.” 맞요? |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 맞아요. 그리고 여러분, 제가 여러분과 친해질 수 있도록 코멘트 남겨 주세요! |
| Hyunwoo: Wow, that’s a good example, haha! So that just about does it for today. Okay, 여러분 사이트에서 봬요! |
| Gyeong-eun: 네, 안녕히 계세요. |
| Hyunwoo: 안녕히 계세요. |
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