Learn how to form the structure meaning "It would have been nice to"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Gyeong-eun: μλ νμΈμ, KoreanClass101.comμ λλ€! |
| Hyunwoo: Hyunwoo here. βIt Would Have Been Niceβ to See the Seoul Olympics! κ²½μ, what are we going to have a look at in this lesson? μ€λ λ μ¨μμλ λ λ°°μΈ κ±°μμ? |
| Gyeong-eun: In this lesson, you will learn how do say βit would have been ifβ¦β, |
| Hyunwoo: λ€, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ΄ λνλ μ΄λμμ μΌμ΄λλ λνμ£ ? |
| Gyeong-eun: This conversation takes place in a taxi. |
| Hyunwoo: λ€, κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λꡬμ λꡬ μ¬μ΄μ λνμμ? |
| Gyeong-eun: A taxi driver and a passenger. |
| Hyunwoo: Therefore, the speakers will be speaking μ‘΄λλ§, polite language. Okay, letβs listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: μλ νμΈμ. μ’μ μμΉ¨μ λλ€. μμ λ²¨νΈ νμκ³ μ... μ΄λλ‘ κ°κΉμ? |
| μ¬μ: κ°λ¨μμΌλ‘ κ° μ£ΌμΈμ. μμ μ¨, μ κ° μ§κ°μ ν΄μμ... 빨리 μ’ κ° μ£ΌμΈμ. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: λ€. κΈΈμ΄ μ‘°κΈ λ§νμ. μ§λ¦κΈΈλ‘ κ°κ²μ. |
| μ¬μ: μ, λ€. κ°μ¬ν©λλ€. ν΄... μ΄μ μΌμ° μ€μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: νμ¬ κ°μΈμ? |
| μ¬μ: λ€. μ΄μ νμμ ν΄μ λ무 νΌκ³€ν΄μ. νμμ΄ μΌμ° λλ¬μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... μ¬λλ€μ΄ λͺ» κ°κ² ν΄μ... |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: νμ¬μμ μΈκΈ°κ° λ§μκ° λ΄μ. |
| μ¬μ: νν. μλμμ. κ·Έλλ μ΄μ μ λ§ μ‘°κΈ λ λ§μ ¨μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... κ³Όμ₯λμ΄ μ μ κ³μ μ£Όμ μ... λ무 λ§μ΄ λ§μ μ νλ€μ΄μ. μΌ... νμμ λ무 μ«μ΄μ. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: κ·Έλλ λ§μλ κ±° λ¨Ήμμμ. |
| μ¬μ: λ§μλ κ±° λ§μ΄ λ¨Ήμ£ . κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ λ λ§μ΄ λ§μ μ. μ΄μ κ° κΈμμΌμ΄μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... λ€μλ νΉ μ¬κ³ μ’μμμ. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: λ§μμ. κ·Έλλ μ€λ κΈμμΌμ΄λκΉ νλ£¨λ§ μ°ΈμΌμΈμ. |
| μ¬μ: λ€. μ. μ κΈ°μ λ΄λ € μ£ΌμΈμ. μκ³ νμΈμ. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: λ€... μλ ν κ°μΈμ. μ... λλ νμ¬λ₯Ό λ€λ μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... νμ λΆλ½λ€... |
| Gyeong-eun: μμ΄λ‘ ν λ² λ (yeongeoro han beon deo). |
| Hyunwoo: One more time, with the English. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: μλ νμΈμ. μ’μ μμΉ¨μ λλ€. μμ λ²¨νΈ νμκ³ μ... μ΄λλ‘ κ°κΉμ? |
| Hyunwoo: Hello. Good morning. Please fasten your seatbelt. Where to? |
| μ¬μ: κ°λ¨μμΌλ‘ κ° μ£ΌμΈμ. μμ μ¨, μ κ° μ§κ°μ ν΄μμ... 빨리 μ’ κ° μ£ΌμΈμ. |
| Hyunwoo: Please take me to Gangnam Station. I'm actually late...could you go a little fast? |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: λ€. κΈΈμ΄ μ‘°κΈ λ§νμ. μ§λ¦κΈΈλ‘ κ°κ²μ. |
| Hyunwoo: Okay, the trafficβs a bit heavy. I'll take the shortcut. |
| μ¬μ: μ, λ€. κ°μ¬ν©λλ€. ν΄... μ΄μ μΌμ° μ€μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... |
| Hyunwoo: Oh, okay. Thanks. (sigh) If only I had gone to bed early yesterday. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: νμ¬ κ°μΈμ? |
| Hyunwoo: Are you going to work? |
| μ¬μ: λ€. μ΄μ νμμ ν΄μ λ무 νΌκ³€ν΄μ. νμμ΄ μΌμ° λλ¬μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... μ¬λλ€μ΄ λͺ» κ°κ² ν΄μ... |
| Hyunwoo: Yes. We had a company dinner yesterday so I'm so tired. If only the company dinner had ended early. People didn't let me go. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: νμ¬μμ μΈκΈ°κ° λ§μκ° λ΄μ. |
| Hyunwoo: Sounds like you're popular in your company. |
| μ¬μ: νν. μλμμ. κ·Έλλ μ΄μ μ λ§ μ‘°κΈ λ λ§μ ¨μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... κ³Όμ₯λμ΄ μ μ κ³μ μ£Όμ μ... λ무 λ§μ΄ λ§μ μ νλ€μ΄μ. μΌ... νμμ λ무 μ«μ΄μ. |
| Hyunwoo: Not really. But I should have drunk a little less yesterday. My section chief kept giving me drinks. I drank too much yesterday so I'm suffering. Argh...I really hate company dinners. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: κ·Έλλ λ§μλ κ±° λ¨Ήμμμ. |
| Hyunwoo: But you get to eat delicious food. |
| μ¬μ: λ§μλ κ±° λ§μ΄ λ¨Ήμ£ . κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ μ λ λ§μ΄ λ§μ μ. μ΄μ κ° κΈμμΌμ΄μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... λ€μλ νΉ μ¬κ³ μ’μμμ. |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, I get to eat a lot of delicious dishes. And I get to drink a lot too. If only yesterday had been Friday. It would be nice because I would be able to get some good rest the next day. |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: λ§μμ. κ·Έλλ μ€λ κΈμμΌμ΄λκΉ νλ£¨λ§ μ°ΈμΌμΈμ. |
| Hyunwoo: That's right. But today is Friday so just hang in there for the day. |
| μ¬μ: λ€. μ. μ κΈ°μ λ΄λ € μ£ΌμΈμ. μκ³ νμΈμ. |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah. Ah, drop me off over there. Thank you! |
| νμκΈ°μ¬: λ€... μλ ν κ°μΈμ. μ... λλ νμ¬λ₯Ό λ€λ μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... νμ λΆλ½λ€... |
| Hyunwoo: Okay. Good-bye. (to himself) Ah...if only I were working in a company too...company dinner...I'm jealous... |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Hyunwoo: Hahaha. I can relate to this, even though I'm not exactly working in an environment where we go out for drinking in large groups. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€. νν. 보ν΅, νμ¬μμ νμν λλ μ§μ κ°κΈ°κ° μ§μ§ νλ€μ£ νν. |
| Hyunwoo: Exactly. κ·Έλ°λ° μ΄κ±΄, I think it's not only with companies, but μΉκ΅¬λ€νκ³ μμ λμλ λ§μ°¬κ°μ§μμ. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€. λ§μμ. μ¬λλ€μ΄ λ§μ΄ μ‘μμ. μ§μ κ°μ§ λ§λΌκ³ β¦ κ°μ΄ λμκ³ β¦ |
| Hyunwoo: λ§μμ. I think it's a good aspect about Korean culture, but at the same time, it's not always good. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€. λ§μμ. νλ€μ΄μ, νν. |
| Hyunwoo: I think Korean people are not very good at accepting it when someone says he's busy, and has to go home. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€, κ°μ΄ μκ³ μΆμΌλκΉ κ·Έλ μ£ . |
| Hyunwoo: Right. It's also because they want to spend some more time together, but still, I think we usually ask our friends who are about to leave early, about three times - can you stay a little longer? Can you stay a little longer? Why don't you stay a little longer ? Haha. |
| Gyeong-eun: Yeah. κ·Έλμ μ λ νμ° μ¨λ μ λ§μλ¬ κ°λ©΄ μ κ° λ§¨λ μ§μ λ¦κ² κ°μμμ. I always end up going home really late when you are among the people that I drink with. |
| Hyunwoo: Haha, I thought you were staying because you actually enjoyed hanging out with me but was it because I asked you to stay longer? |
| Gyeong-eun: Yeah⦠|
| Hyunwoo: Yes? Come on! |
| Gyeong-eun: μ λ무 μ’μνμμ§ λ§μΈμ. |
| Hyunwoo: Alright, Iβll try. |
| Gyeong-eun: Alright. Let's move on. we can talk about this later. λ Ήμ λ€ λλ λ€μμ μκΈ°ν΄μ. |
| Hyunwoo: λ€, μκ² μ΅λλ€. λμ€μ κΌ μ΄μΌκΈ° ν©μλ€. νν. |
| Gyeong-eun: λμ μ€λμ μΌμ° μ§μ κ° κ±°μμ. |
| Hyunwoo: Of course you can, haha. Now let's move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Hyunwoo: The first word we are having look at is, |
| Gyeong-eun: μμ λ²¨νΈ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: safety belt |
| Gyeong-eun: μμ λ²¨νΈ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: μμ λ²¨νΈ [natural native speed] |
| κ·Έ λ€μμλ : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§κ°νλ€ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be late |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§κ°νλ€ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§κ°νλ€ [natural native speed] |
| λ€μμλ : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§λ¦κΈΈ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: shortcut |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§λ¦κΈΈ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§λ¦κΈΈ [natural native speed] |
| κ·Έ λ€μμλ : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: νμ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: company dinner |
| Gyeong-eun: νμ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: νμ [natural native speed] |
| κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: μΈκΈ°κ° λ§λ€ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be popular |
| Gyeong-eun: μΈκΈ°κ° λ§λ€ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: μΈκΈ°κ° λ§λ€ [natural native speed] |
| κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: νΉ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: deeply, completely, soundly |
| Gyeong-eun: νΉ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: νΉ [natural native speed] |
| λ€μμλ : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: μ°Έλ€ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to endure, to put up with, to refrain from |
| Gyeong-eun: μ°Έλ€ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: μ°Έλ€ [natural native speed] |
| κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€λλ€ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to go to and from |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€λλ€ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€λλ€ [natural native speed] |
| λ§μ§λ§μΌλ‘ : Lastly: |
| Gyeong-eun: λΆλ½λ€ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be envious |
| Gyeong-eun: λΆλ½λ€ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: λΆλ½λ€ [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Gyeong-eun: λ§νλ€ [natural native speed] |
| Hyunwoo: to be clogged, to be blocked (with traffic) |
| Gyeong-eun: λ§νλ€ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Gyeong-eun: λ§νλ€ [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Hyunwoo: Oaky, so let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. What are we looking at first? |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§λ¦κΈΈ |
| Hyunwoo: βshortcutβ |
| Gyeong-eun: (slow) μ§λ¦κΈΈ. (fast) μ§λ¦κΈΈ. |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, this word means a shortcut, and it's actually a combination of two words. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€. λ λ¨μ΄λ₯Ό ν©μΉ κ±°μμ. |
| Hyunwoo: It's a combination of μ§λ₯΄λ€ and κΈΈ |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€. μ§λ₯΄λ€ means βto go across somethingβ, |
| Hyunwoo: and κΈΈ means βroad, street, wayβ. |
| Gyeong-eun: So μ§λ₯΄λ κΈΈ , μ§λ¦κΈΈ. |
| Hyunwoo: κ²½μ μ¨λ μ§λ¦κΈΈμ μ’μνλ νΈμ΄μμ? μλμ, ν° κΈΈμ μ’μν΄μ? |
| Gyeong-eun: I like using shortcuts, but I don't like looking for shortcuts. |
| Hyunwoo: Why? |
| Gyeong-eun: Because I get lost. |
| Hyunwoo: Haha, I am the opposite. I LOVE looking for shortcuts. |
| Gyeong-eun: You do? κ·Έλ¬λ©΄ μ 맨λ κΈΈμ μμ΄μ? νν. |
| Hyunwoo: I always get lost because I love looking for shortcuts and fail, almost always, haha. |
| Gyeong-eun: κ·ΈλΌ κ·Έλ₯ μ§λ¦κΈΈλ‘ κ°μ§ λ§κ³ , μλ κΈΈλ‘ κ°μΈμ, μ λ°. |
| Hyunwoo: Do not use shortcuts and use the paths I know? I want to have more shortcuts that I know, so κ·Έλ¬λκΉ μμΌλ‘λ βμ΄μͺ½μΌλ‘ κ°λ©΄ λΉ λ₯΄μ§ μμκΉ?β νκ³ κ³μ κ° κ² κ°μμ. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€, μλ κΈΈμ΄λΌλ μ λλ‘ κ°μ ¨μΌλ©΄ ν©λλ€, νν. |
| Hyunwoo: Wish me luck! |
| Gyeong-eun: Yeah, good luck. |
| Hyunwoo: λ€! And what's the next word that we're looking at? |
| Gyeong-eun: μ°Έλ€ |
| Hyunwoo: βto put up withβ, βto endureβ |
| Gyeong-eun: (slow) μ°Έλ€. (fast) μ°Έλ€. |
| Hyunwoo: κ²½μ μ¨λ μ΄ λ¨μ΄ λ§μ΄ μ°μΈμ,μ°Έλ€? |
| Gyeong-eun: Yeah I think I use this word a lot. |
| Hyunwoo: μλ₯Ό λ€μ΄μ μ΄λ€ λμ? |
| Gyeong-eun: For example, λ무 λ°°κ³ νμ λͺ» μ°Έκ² μ΄μ. |
| Hyunwoo: νν. You're too hungry to endure it. You're too hungry to wait any longer without eating, right? |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€, μ§κΈλ λ°°κ³ νμ λͺ» μ°Έκ² μ΄μ. |
| Hyunwoo: μ°ΈμΌμΈμ. νν. |
| Gyeong-eun: μλλ©΄, when I'm angry, but don't want to get upset, I say this. μ΄λ²μ λ΄κ° μ°Έλλ€!! |
| Hyunwoo: νν. This time, this time only, I'll forgive you. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€β¦μ κ° νμ° μ¨νν λ§μ΄ νλ λ§μ΄μμμ? |
| Hyunwoo: Haha, so you can say μ°Έλ€ for anything that you make an effort not to do, like smoking. βTo try not to smokeβ is, |
| Gyeong-eun: λ΄λ°°λ₯Ό μ°Έλ€ |
| Hyunwoo: Right. And how about βto hold one's breathβ is, |
| Gyeong-eun: μ¨μ μ°Έλ€ |
| Hyunwoo: Right, and there's a noun that you can make with the verb 'μ°Έλ€', right? |
| Gyeong-eun: Yeah, right. μ°Έμμ± |
| Hyunwoo: μ°Έμμ±, which means βpatienceβ. |
| Gyeong-eun: You say μ°Έμμ±μ΄ μλ€ / μ°Έμμ±μ΄ μλ€. |
| Hyunwoo: βto be patientβ and βto be impatientβ / How about going to the grammar point now? |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€, μ’μμ! |
| Hyunwoo: Okay! |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Hyunwoo: So, what's the grammar point of this lesson, κ²½μ μ¨? |
| Gyeong-eun: -μ/μ/μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ° |
| Hyunwoo: as in the example? |
| Gyeong-eun: νμ λ 곡λΆλ₯Ό μ΄μ¬ν νμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°. |
| Hyunwoo: "It would have been nice if I had studied hard when I was a student." or "I should have studied hard in school." |
| Gyeong-eun: When you have regrets, and wish that you or someone had or had not done something in the past, you can use this grammatical structure, |
| Hyunwoo: which is? |
| Gyeong-eun: -μ/μ/μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ° |
| Hyunwoo: The last part, μ’μμ ν λ° comes from μ’μμ ν°μΈλ°, and ν° refers to a situation, a place or a state, but it is also used to express assumption or intention. |
| Gyeong-eun: Yeah, in this structure, -μ/μ/μμΌλ©΄ expresses the condition of "if it had been in a certain way" or "if someone had done something," |
| Hyunwoo: Right! And μ’μμ ν λ° means ? |
| Gyeong-eun: "It would have been nice." |
| Hyunwoo: Yeah, so all together, -μ/μ/μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°, one more time? |
| Gyeong-eun: -μ/μ/μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ° |
| Hyunwoo: means "it would have been nice if ..." or "should have ..." or "if only...." |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€, λ§μμ. |
| Hyunwoo: But you know, if you want to say "you should have done something," there are other ways of saying this too. |
| Gyeong-eun: Yeah, you can say -μ/μ/μμ΄μΌ νμ΄ or ν΄μΌ νμ΄, but in that case, it's stronger. |
| Hyunwoo: Right. The nuance of this structure, -μ/μ/μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°, is not as strong and imposing as that of -μ/μ/μμ΄μΌ νμ΄ or -ν΄μΌ νμ΄, since you are just making an assumption that it would have been nice. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€, λ§μμ. |
| Hyunwoo: And before we look at some more examples, there's something you should remember. |
| Gyeong-eun: λμμ? |
| Hyunwoo: You know, you can't form a formal sentence ending in -γ λλ€ using this structure. |
| Gyeong-eun: μν! λ§μμ. you can't. |
| Hyunwoo: What I'm saying is, you can't say μ’μμ ν λ°μ λλ€. or μ’μμ ν λλ€. |
| Gyeong-eun: νν. That sounds funny. |
| Hyunwoo: Right, so In that case, people usually add λ§μ λλ€ (mar-imnida) at the end. |
| Gyeong-eun: μ’μμ ν λ° λ§μ λλ€. |
| Hyunwoo: Exactly! Okay, now let's look at how it was used in this lessonsβ dialogue. |
| Gyeong-eun: μ΄μ μΌμ° μ€μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... |
| Hyunwoo: "If only I had gone to bed early yesterday." |
| Gyeong-eun: νμμ΄ μΌμ° λλ¬μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... |
| Hyunwoo: "If only the company dinner had ended early." |
| Gyeong-eun: κ·Έλλ μ΄μ μ λ§ μ‘°κΈ λ λ§μ ¨μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... |
| Hyunwoo: "But I should have drunk a little less yesterday." |
| Gyeong-eun: μ΄μ κ° κΈμμΌμ΄μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... |
| Hyunwoo: "If only yesterday had been Friday." |
| Gyeong-eun: λλ νμ¬λ₯Ό λ€λ μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°... |
| Hyunwoo: "If only I were working in a company too.." So, κ²½μ μ¨, can you give us just two more examples that are NOT in the dialogue of this lesson? How do you say "It would have been nice if you had been there too." "If only you had been there too."? |
| Gyeong-eun: λλ μμΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°. |
| Hyunwoo: Right, and how about "If only you hadn't done that." "I wish you hadn't done that." ? |
| Gyeong-eun: μ κ·Έλ¬μΌλ©΄ μ’μμ ν λ°. |
Outro |
| Hyunwoo: λ§μμ. λ€, μ’μμ! Great job! So that just about does it for today. |
| Gyeong-eun: λ€, μ¬λ¬λΆ, μκ³ νμ ¨μ΄μ! |
| Hyunwoo: λ€, μ λ§ μκ³ νμ ¨κ³ μ, |
| Gyeong-eun: μ§λ¬Έ μμΌμλ©΄ KoreanClass101.com μ€μ μ μ½λ©νΈ λ¨κ²¨ μ£ΌμΈμ! |
| Hyunwoo: Weβll always be there to answer your questions. λ€, κ·ΈλΌ μ¬λ¬λΆ, KoreanClass101.comμμ λ΅κ² μ΅λλ€! |
| Gyeong-eun: μλ ν κ³μΈμ. |
| Hyunwoo: μλ ν κ³μΈμ. |
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