Learn about either… or', 'whether… or' - -(이)든지, (-(이)거나)
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Seol: 안녕하세요. 윤설입니다. (Annyeonghaseyo. Yunseorimnida.) |
| Keith: Keith here. Winning the Lottery in Korea. |
| Keith: Hello, and welcome to the KoreanClass101.com, the fastest, easiest and most fun way to learn Korean! |
| Seol: I'm Seol, and thanks again for being here with us. |
| Keith: Alright, so 설, what are we taking a look at in this lesson? |
| Seol: In this lesson you will learn how to expand your sentences. |
| Keith: Exactly. If your sentences are too short and simple, you'll be able to expand them and say, "I'll either learn Korean or learn French today." |
| 설: Korean of course!! |
| Keith: So what should the listeners be listening in for? |
| 설: They should listen for 든지. |
| Keith: And also? |
| Seol: 거나. |
| Keith: And this one means "or". Ok, and who, what, where, when, and sometimes why, is this conversation taking place? |
| Seol: Wow! Well, this conversation is between a reporter and the winner of a lottery. |
| Keith: So the reporter will be using formal Korean? |
| Seol: Yeah. The reporter will be using -읍니까 at the end of the questions. |
| Keith: And the winner will be using standard politeness level, Standard Korean, and that's -요 at the end of sentences. Ok. |
| Seol: Let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 기자: 김민성 씨, 3억 복권에 당첨되셨습니다. 축하드립니다. |
| 김민성: 아, 진짜요? 고맙습니다. |
| 기자: 이 돈으로 무엇을 하실 겁니까? |
| 김민성: 아... 글쎄요... 옷을 사거나, 컴퓨터를 사거나... |
| 기자: 네? 3억인데, 보통, 다른 사람들은 좀 더 비싼 것을 사지 않습니까? |
| 김민성: 아... 네... 그러면, 저도... 차를 사든지... 집을 사든지... |
| 기자: 에이... 서울에서 3억으로 집을 사기 힘들지 않습니까? |
| 김민성: 그러면... 해외 여행을 하든지... |
| 기자: 해외 여행이요? |
| 김민성: 아니요... 그러면... |
| 기자: 빨리 말해 주세요. |
| 김민성: 아, 진짜!! 왜 그래요?!! |
| Seol: 한번 더 천천히 |
| 기자: 김민성 씨, 3억 복권에 당첨되셨습니다. 축하드립니다. |
| 김민성: 아, 진짜요? 고맙습니다. |
| 기자: 이 돈으로 무엇을 하실 겁니까? |
| 김민성: 아... 글쎄요... 옷을 사거나, 컴퓨터를 사거나... |
| 기자: 네? 3억인데, 보통, 다른 사람들은 좀 더 비싼 것을 사지 않습니까? |
| 김민성: 아... 네... 그러면, 저도... 차를 사든지... 집을 사든지... |
| 기자: 에이... 서울에서 3억으로 집을 사기 힘들지 않습니까? |
| 김민성: 그러면... 해외 여행을 하든지... |
| 기자: 해외 여행이요? |
| 김민성: 아니요... 그러면... |
| 기자: 빨리 말해 주세요. |
| 김민성: 아, 진짜!! 왜 그래요?!! |
| Seol: 영어로 한번 더 |
| 기자: 김민성 씨, 3억 복권에 당첨되셨습니다. 축하드립니다. |
| Keith: Mr. Kim, you won 300,000,000 Won in the lottery. Congratulations! |
| 김민성: 아, 진짜요? 고맙습니다. |
| Keith: Oh, really? Thank you. |
| 기자: 이 돈으로 무엇을 하실 겁니까? |
| Keith: What are you going to do with this money? |
| 김민성: 아... 글쎄요... 옷을 사거나, 컴퓨터를 사거나... |
| Keith: Oh, well... buy some clothes... or a computer.... |
| 기자: 네? 3억인데, 보통, 다른 사람들은 좀 더 비싼 것을 사지 않습니까? |
| Keith: Excuse me? It's 300,000,000 Won. Usually, don’t other people buy something more expensive? |
| 김민성: 아... 네... 그러면, 저도... 차를 사든지... 집을 사든지... |
| Keith: Oh... Ok. Then I will buy a car... or a house, too. |
| 기자: 에이... 서울에서 3억으로 집을 사기 힘들지 않습니까? |
| Keith: Come on, isn't it hard to buy a house in Seoul with 300,000,000 Won? |
| 김민성: 그러면... 해외 여행을 하든지... |
| Keith: Then... maybe I will travel overseas or... |
| 기자: 해외 여행이요? |
| Keith: Travel overseas? |
| 김민성: 아니요... 그러면... |
| Keith: No? Then... |
| 기자: 빨리 말해 주세요. |
| Keith: Come on, tell us quickly. |
| 김민성: 아, 진짜!! 왜 그래요?!! |
| Keith: Hey, why are you doing this to me? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Keith: Seol, how much is the lottery? How much is the prize usually in Korea? |
| 설: Maybe about 1억 5 천 만 원 |
| Keith: 150 million Won. That's kind of close to $150,000. |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: Kind of. Well, do people in Korea often play the lottery? |
| 설: Sure. I sometimes play the lottery. |
| Keith: Do you get any money? |
| Seol: No. |
| Keith: Wishing you money. |
| Seol: Thank you. |
| Keith: Well before we move on, I wanted to point out that the reporter was using the formal politeness level. And why is that? |
| 설: It's because he's talking to the audience. The people watching the news. |
| Keith: Right. So whenever you're talking to a really large audience, to many, many people, you should be as formal as possible. |
| Seol: And in modern Korean, the formal politeness level is the highest level of politeness. |
| Keith: 그럼 우리 단어 보십시오. |
| Seol: 예. 보겠습니다. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: Let's take a look at the vocab |
| Keith: What's the first word we're going to take a look at? |
| Seol: 억 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Hundred million |
| Seol: 억 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 억 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Seol: 당첨되다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Win a prize |
| Seol: 당첨되다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 당첨되다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Seol: 복권 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Lottery |
| Seol: 복권 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 복권 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next we have? |
| Seol: 축하하다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: To celebrate, to congratulate |
| Seol: 축하하다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 축하하다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next we have? |
| Seol: 옷 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Clothes |
| Seol: 옷 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 옷 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And after that? |
| Seol: 해외여행 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Overseas trip |
| Seol: 해외여행 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 해외여행 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And finally... |
| Seol: 보통 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Usually |
| Seol: 보통 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 보통 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Keith: Alright. So let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word we're going to look at is? |
| 설: 억 |
| Keith: 100 million. |
| 설: The Korean counting system is different than the Western system. |
| Keith: Yeah, in English you can count from the thousands, that's three zeros, then you start again. So it's like a thousand, then we go back to ten, ten thousand, then a hundred thousand. |
| 설: But in Korean, It goes from 10,000, 만, and then we repeat again. |
| Keith: Let's get into an example, really quick. |
| 설: So let’s count from 10. 십. |
| Keith: Ten |
| 설: 100 |
| Keith: Hundred. |
| 설: 1000 |
| Keith: Thousand. |
| 설: 10,000. |
| Keith: Ten thousand. And now we reset back to 10. |
| 설: 십만. |
| Keith: 100,000. |
| 설: 백만. |
| Keith: 1,000,000. |
| 설: 천만. |
| Keith: 10,000,000. |
| 설: 억. |
| Keith: 100,000,000. So there it doesn't become 만만. It's a new word. |
| Seol: 억. Yeah, even in English, you don't say 1000, 1000. Do you? |
| Keith: Not at all. So in Korean, that's what we say instead of 만만. We have the word... |
| Seol: 억. |
| Keith: Ok. And the Korean counting system will definitely take some getting used to, so please, practice at home! |
| 설: And in this conversation... 그 사람이 3억을 당첨됐어요. |
| Keith: That person won 300,000,000 Won. How much is that in American dollars? |
| 설: It's about 230,000 dollars. 한번 더 한국어로. |
| Keith: Alright, let’s move onto our next word. |
| 설: Our next word is 축하하다. |
| Keith: To congratulate. Pretty simple word. Why are we going over it? |
| 설: Because of the way it came out in the conversation... 대화에서는 이렇게 나왔으니깐요.... "축하드립니다." |
| Keith: Congratulations. But instead of 축하하다, which is the typical version of the verb, it becomes? |
| Seol: 축하드리다. |
| Keith: The humbling form of the verb. |
| 설: So you use this when you want to be polite and respectful. |
| Keith: Yeah, you can use this with strangers, or with people older than you. You have to be respectful! |
| Seol: Right. |
| Keith: So can we have an example where it's used in its humbling form? |
| 설: 할머니... 생일 축하드립니다! |
| Keith: Grandma, happy birthday! And here you're humbling yourself here by using? |
| Seol: 드리다 |
| Keith: And that's because? |
| 설: It's your grandma! |
| Keith: Yeah. You have to be respectful! |
| Seol: True. |
| Keith: Alright, and how about our last word? What's our last word? |
| 설: 해외여행. |
| Keith: International trip, an overseas trip. Let's take a look at the 한자 behind 해외. |
| 설: The first one 해 means sea. |
| Keith: Is this in a lot of common, everyday words? |
| Seol: Sure. This is used a lot. Like 해변 |
| Keith: The beach! Ok and what about the next one? What is that? |
| 설: 외. Which means outside. |
| Keith: you can find 외 in the word... |
| Seol: 외국 |
| Keith: Foreign country. So literally, these two hanja together mean... sea, outside. And since Korea is a peninsula, it means every outside of Korea. 해외. Right? |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: Let's say you can travel to North Korea. That's not the case right now, but would that be a 해외여행? |
| Seol: No. North Korea is part of Korea and it will be united soon. |
| Keith: Ok. Well. Let's not get political over here. How about, if you can travel to China, through North Korea, maybe on a train or a bus. Would that be 해외여행 |
| Seol: Yes. |
| Keith: But you're traveling on bus! On a train. |
| Seol: But we are going outside Korea, and that's 해외여행. |
| Keith: Alright. So how about we have a sample sentence with this word? |
| 설: 우리 엄마가 헤외여행 갔어요. |
| Keith: My mother went on an overseas trip. She went on an international trip. 어디로요? |
| 설: 일본으로요. |
| Keith: Japan? All right. And in this conversation? |
| Seol: 그 사람이 3억 복권에 당첨됐으니깐, 해외여행 한데요. |
| Keith: Since he won the lottery, he said he would go on an overseas trip. I'd do that to. |
| Seol: Wow. |
| Keith: Alright, let’s go on a trip over to the grammar section. |
| Seol: Ok. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Keith: What's our grammar point? |
| Seol: We'll be studying 든지, 거나. |
| Keith: And these are translated as "either/or." It's also translated as "whether or not." It's used to give some alternatives to choose from. Let's take a look at how it came out in this conversation. |
| 설: In this conversation. The person was thinking what they should do with the money and said, 옷을 사거나, 컴퓨터를 사거나... |
| Keith: Either buy clothes, or buy a computer. And those are the two alternatives. |
| Seol: Yea, but you have to remember that 거나 is attached to both verbs. Buy a car... 거나, buy a house... 거나... eat some food... 거나. |
| Keith: Yea, let’s have a sample sentence really quick. 누나는 내일 뭐 해요? |
| Seol: 저는, 공부하거나... 청소하거나...쇼핑 할 거에요. |
| Keith: I'm going to study or clean. But you're using 거나. How about 든지? What's the difference between the two of those? |
| 설: Well, both are nearly the same, so I can say, 저는 공부하든지..청소하든지..쇼핑 할 거에요. |
| Keith: Right, but just remember, when you're giving a list of things, use the same one for all of the things in the list. |
| Seol: Yeah, so if there's 2 things you might do, and you're using 든지. Be sure to use 든지 for both of the things you might do. |
| Keith: Right. Just remember to stick with one of them 든지 or 거나. Don't mix the two. And we won't be covering the conjugation here in this lesson, but if you're interested, be sure to stop by KoreanClass101.com and pick up our lesson notes PDF. There, we'll go in more detail. |
Outro |
| Keith: So, that just about does it for today. |
| Seol: Bye! 나중에 봐요. |
| Keith: 안녕히 계세요. |
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