Learn about Potential (ㄹ/을 수 있다) by using "might" + Verb: -ㄹ/을 수도 있다
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Seol: 안녕하세요. 윤설입니다. (Annyeonghaseyo. Yunseorimnida.) |
| Keith: Keith here. Hanging Out All Night Long. |
| Keith: Hello, and welcome to the KoreanClass101.com, the fastest, easiest and most fun way to learn Korean! |
| Seol: I'm Seol, and thanks again for being here with us for this Beginner Series Season 3 lesson. |
| Keith: Alright. In this lesson, we're going to be talking about ability, capability, and possibility. That's all in one grammar point. |
| Seol: 할 수 있어요. |
| Keith: It's amazing, right? |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: That's a lot of things in there. Who's this conversation between? |
| Seol: The conversation is between coworkers. |
| Keith: Right, and they're talking about hanging out, having some fun all night. What else are they talking about? |
| Seol: 회식 |
| Keith: Company dinners. Remember to listen out for that word. Also, one more time, what's our grammar point? |
| Seol: 할 수 있어요 |
| Keith: Since they are coworkers, what kind of Korean are they going to be speaking? |
| Seol: They're speaking in 존댓말. |
| Keith: Formal Korean. Hey, we're coworkers. Why don't we speak in formal Korean? |
| Seol: Because we're friends! |
| Keith: Is that so? |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: All right. So what are we doing now? |
| Seol: Of course, we have to listen to the conversation. |
| Keith: 아 맞다. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 지민: 제임스, 소주 마실 수 있어요? |
| 제임스: 네. 마실 수 있어요. 소주 좋아해요. |
| 지민: 그래요? 잘 됐네요. 내일 회식 해요. 소주 마실 수도 있어요. |
| 제임스: 진짜요? 오예!! 신난다! |
| 지민: 하하. 그렇게 신나요? 그리고 2차로 노래방에 갈 수도 있어요. |
| 제임스: 우와. 저 노래방 진짜 좋아해요! 3차도 있어요? |
| 지민: 3차는 있을 수도 있고, 없을 수도 있어요. |
| 제임스: 안 돼요. 3차도 꼭 가요! 저는 아침까지 놀 수 있어요! |
| Seol: 한번 더 천천히. |
| 지민: 제임스, 소주 마실 수 있어요? |
| 제임스: 네. 마실 수 있어요. 소주 좋아해요. |
| 지민: 그래요? 잘 됐네요. 내일 회식 해요. 소주 마실 수도 있어요. |
| 제임스: 진짜요? 오예!! 신난다! |
| 지민: 하하. 그렇게 신나요? 그리고 2차로 노래방에 갈 수도 있어요. |
| 제임스: 우와. 저 노래방 진짜 좋아해요! 3차도 있어요? |
| 지민: 3차는 있을 수도 있고, 없을 수도 있어요. |
| 제임스: 안 돼요. 3차도 꼭 가요! 저는 아침까지 놀 수 있어요! |
| Seol: 영어로 한번 더. |
| 지민: 제임스, 소주 마실 수 있어요? |
| Keith: James, Can you drink soju? |
| 제임스: 네. 마실 수 있어요. 소주 좋아해요. |
| Keith: Yeah, I can drink soju. I like soju. |
| 지민: 그래요? 잘 됐네요. 내일 회식 해요. 소주 마실 수도 있어요. |
| Keith: Yeah? Well, that's good. We’re going to have a company dinner tomorrow. We might drink soju. |
| 제임스: 진짜요? 오예!! 신난다! |
| Keith: Really? Wow! That's great! |
| 지민: 하하. 그렇게 신나요? 그리고 2차로 노래방에 갈 수도 있어요. |
| Keith: Hey, are you that excited? And, we may go to a noraebang afterwards. |
| 제임스: 우와. 저 노래방 진짜 좋아해요! 3차도 있어요? |
| Keith: Wow. I really like noraebang. Is there something after noreabang? |
| 지민: 3차는 있을 수도 있고, 없을 수도 있어요. |
| Keith: There could be, and there might not be something. |
| 제임스: 안 돼요. 3차도 꼭 가요! 저는 아침까지 놀 수 있어요! |
| Keith: No. We have to go somewhere after! I can hang out until the morning! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Keith: 3차, 4차, 5차, 6차. Those means good times! But what does that mean? What does 3차 mean? |
| 설: Well, Korean people like to move around. They don't like staying in one place! So after you eat, you go to a cafe. And that's called 2차. |
| Keith: And 차 can be translated as round. So that's the number two and round. Round 2. |
| 설: And after a cafe, if you want to go to a 노래방, that's 3차. |
| Keith: Round 3. |
| 설: And after that, go somewhere, 4차, and after that, 5차, 6차. |
| Keith: And the list goes on and on. Do Korean people like to hang out that much? |
| Seol: Sure. |
| Keith: And this is, of course, referring to all one night, right? |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: What's the most you've ever been to? |
| Seol: Maybe 5차 |
| Keith: 5차 and what time did you get home? |
| Seol: About four. |
| Keith: Well you had a good time. |
| Seol: Yes. |
| Keith: Well, we're going to have a good time listening to the vocabulary. |
| Seol: Ok! Sure. |
| Keith: Wait is that 3차 right now? Round 3? |
| Seol: Yes, it is 3차. |
| Keith: 3차로 넘어가자. |
| Seol: 네 |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: Alright. So what's the first word we're going to look at? |
| Seol: 소주 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Distilled liquor |
| Seol: 소주 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 소주 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Seol: 회식 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Company dinner |
| Seol: 회식 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 회식 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: After that? |
| Seol: 신나다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: To be exciting |
| Seol: 신나다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 신나다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: After that? |
| Seol: 노래방 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Karaoke room |
| Seol: 노래방 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 노래방 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Seol: 아침 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Morning |
| Seol: 아침 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 아침 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Seol: 꼭 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Certainly, for sure |
| Seol: 꼭 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 꼭 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And next? |
| Seol: 잘 됐다. [natural native speed] |
| Keith: That's good. It turned out well. |
| Seol: 잘 됐다. [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 잘 됐다. [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And finally, 마지막으로 |
| Seol: 차 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Round, series, cycle |
| Seol: 차 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Seol: 차 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Keith: Alright. So why don't we take a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| 설: The first word we'll look at is 회식 |
| Keith: Company dinner. |
| 설: This is basically going out using the company money. |
| Keith: Which is something everybody loves. |
| 설: Well not all the time, but when you go out on 회식, it's usually 고기. |
| Keith: Yeah. Meat. Talking some real heavy duty meat like, 삼겹살 |
| Seol: 갈비 |
| Keith: 오겹살 |
| Seol: Like Korean barbeque. |
| Keith: Yeah. Generally speaking, Korean barbeque, and it's good. It's a lot of fun. Well, the reason we're taking a look at this word is because of the hanja behind it. |
| 설: The first part is 회. |
| Keith: This means company? |
| 설: As in 회사. |
| Keith: Ok. And that's the actual word, company. How about the second part? |
| 설: The second part is 식. |
| Keith: Which means to eat, or it also means food. |
| 설: Such as 식당 |
| Keith: Restaurant. So literally, 회식 is "company, food," "company, eat." And what verb do you use with that? |
| 설: 하다. So it's 회식하다. |
| Keith: To go on a company dinner. Alright. So how did it come out in this conversation? |
| 설: 내일 회식 해요. |
| Keith: We're going out to a company dinner tomorrow. Ok, what's our next word? |
| 설: 신나다. |
| Keith: To be excited. |
| 설: This word is used when you're really excited. |
| Keith: Right, a lot of times I think in English we use the word "excited" pretty loosely. Like I'm excited to watch the new Batman movie or, you know, I'm excited to play some basketball tomorrow. |
| 설: But in Korean, you have to be... REALLY, REALLY excited if you want to say 신나다. |
| Keith: Ok. So how about we take an example from our dialog? |
| 설: 대화에는 이렇게 노왔죠? After James heard they were going out on 회식, he said... "진짜요? 오예!! 신난다!" |
| Keith: I'm excited! And when you hear that word 신난다! What do you imagine a person doing? |
| 설: Well a person is stomping and smiling. Like, "Wow!" |
| Keith: Exactly. That's the same image I have. Someone jumping up and down, with a really big smile on their face. So that means, you've got to be really, really excited. Well, I'm excited... to move onto our next phrase! 산났지?!?! |
| Seol: 네 신나요. |
| Keith: Well, our next phrase is? |
| Seol: 잘 됐다. |
| Keith: That's good. It turned out well. This phrase is used when you hear something from someone. Some news or something, and you realize it turned out well because... Because that something you just heard, it coincides with what you're doing. It gets kind of complicated, so why don't we have an example? |
| 설: Sure. For example, 저는 집에 가는데... 친구도 간데요. So if I'm going home and my friend is going home, too, then 잘 됐어요. 우리 같이 갈 수 있어요. |
| Keith: Because you’re going home, and your friend is going home, too, it turned out well. So you can go home together. How about in the conversation? How did it come out? |
| 설: In this conversation, 제임스 가 '소주 좋아해요.'라고 말했어요. So 지민 said... 잘 됐네요. |
| Keith: And James liking Soju turned out well because they're all going out on 회식. And 회식 usually means drinking. |
| Seol: Drinking, drinking, drinking! |
| Keith: Seol, I've got a question for you. |
| Seol: Yes! |
| Keith: Do you like grammar? |
| Seol: Of course! |
| Keith: 잘 됐네요. |
| Seol: Yeah a good usage. |
| Keith: 신났다. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Keith: Alright, so what's our grammar point? |
| Seol: 수 있다. |
| Keith: And this translated as 'can.' This grammatical structure expresses ability, capability, or possibility. |
| 설: For example, I can speak Korean. 한국어 말 할 수 있어요. |
| Keith: And I can speak English. 저는 영어 말 할 수 있어요. |
| Seol: Wow! |
| Keith: I think the meaning of this grammar point is quite straight forward. But how about the conjugation? |
| Seol: The conjugation isn't so hard. |
| Keith: Yeah. If the verb stem ends in a vowel you add? |
| Seol: -ㄹ 수 있다. |
| Keith: And if it ends in a consonant? |
| Seol: You add - 을 수 있다. |
| Keith: And that last 있다 is the same as the verb of existence, 저는 한국에 있어요. 있다. That same 있다. It's just part of this grammatical structure, and it's where you conjugate according to tense, negation, or politeness level. Let's take an example. |
| 설: So if we take the verb. 닫다. |
| Keith: To close. |
| 설: The verb stem is. 닫. |
| Keith: And there it ends in a consonant. It has a 받침. |
| 설: And 받침이 있으니깐. We add 을 수 있다. So it becomes 닫을 수 있다. |
| Keith: Can close. |
| Seol: 그 문 닫을 수있어요? |
| Keith: Can the door close? And I think this is a good sample sentence. Because it's asking if the door can close. Not "Can you close the door?" |
| 설: So if you say, 너 그 문 닫을 수 있어요? Then you're asking, can you actually close the door. |
| Keith: Right, it's not a request, you're asking if they have the ability to, or if they have the capability to. Like if you're strong enough or can you actually do it? |
| 설: Yeah. In the lesson, James said, 저는 아침까지 놀 수 있어요! |
| Keith: I can hang out till the morning! And this is in polite language. |
| 설: Yeah, 놀 수 있다. Becomes 놀 수 있어요. |
| Keith: And, once again, that verb 있다 is where you do your conjugations. Alright. Really, quick, how do you say you CAN'T hang out till the morning? |
| 설: You have to say... 저는 아침까지 놀 수 없어요! |
| Keith: Right, so instead of 있다, we use the negative version of that verb. |
| 설: Which is 없다. |
| Keith: So instead of 놀 수 있다 it becomes? |
| Seol: 놀 수 없다. |
| Keith: I can't hang out. Sorry, Seol. |
| Seol: 놀자 |
Outro |
| Keith: Alright. That just about does it for today. |
| Seol: 그럼 다음에 봐요. |
| Keith: See you later! |
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