Learn how to talk about everything you can do, everything you can do, and everything there is even the possibility you can do
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Seol: 안녕하세요. 윤설입니다. |
| Minkyong: 안녕하세요. 민경입니다. |
| Keith: Keith here. What Can’t You Do? Seol, this is talking about you because you are like superwoman. You can do a lot of things. What can’t you do? |
| Seol: Oh well, I don’t know. I think I can do everything. |
| Keith: 그만 좀 합시다. Let’s… |
| Seol: Yeah, yeah why don’t you introduce our new member instead of asking me what can I do? |
| Keith: Okay that’s a good idea. So before we get into today’s lesson and dialogue, can you introduce yourself? We have a new member on our team. |
| Minkyong: 안녕하세요. 민경입니다. 저는 올해 스무 살이고 대학생입니다. 저는 청소하는 것을 좋아합니다. |
| Seol: Oh my god! |
| Keith: I have never heard that in my life. I like cleaning. How do we say that? |
| Minkyong: 청소하는 것을 좋아합니다. |
| Keith: I don’t know if this will be useful for the listeners or not. |
| Seol: No… |
| Keith: 청소하는 것을 좋아합니다. |
| Seol: But 청소하다 is something that you have to memorize. |
| Keith: Yeah to clean. So why do you like cleaning? Where did you grow up? |
| Minkyong: I don’t know. I just like things to be clean and tidy. |
| Seol: I wish to have a roommate like you. |
| Keith: You wish to have a maid. |
| Seol: Oh yeah. |
| Keith: We are not calling you maid. Don’t worry. |
| Minkyong: Okay. |
| Keith: 걱정 마세요. Don’t worry. All right so why don’t we jump back into today’s conversation. What are we talking about? What’s going on in today’s conversation. What can’t you do? |
| Minkyong: This is in the middle of an interview. |
| Keith: Yeah and as this is an interview, what kind of language are we going to be using? |
| Seol: It’s formal. |
| Keith: Yeah because when you are at an interview, you want to be the most polite that you can be. One of the listeners in our forum requested more lessons in the formal politeness level. So if you ever have any lesson requests, we are going to try to honor you as much as possible. So post in the forum. We have a lesson request in there and you can post in there and we will try our best to honor your request. So today we are going into the formal politeness level because |
| Seol: We have to be formal in the interview. You have to get a job. |
| Keith: Yeah, yeah. You have to get a job. So we went over the formal politeness level in the very, very beginning, all the way in the beginning and then we switched over to the standard politeness level and a little bit of the intimate politeness level. Let’s go back. Let’s review a little bit. Minkyong, how do you say I like cleaning in the standard politeness level? |
| Minkyong: 청소하는 것을 좋아해요. |
| Keith: And how do we say that in the formal politeness level? |
| Minkyong: 청소하는 것을 좋아합니다. |
| Keith: So what’s your occupation Seol? |
| Seol: 저는 학생이에요. |
| Keith: In the standard okay. How do we say that in the formal politeness level? |
| Seol: 저는 학생입니다. |
| Keith: Most of the formal politeness level ends in |
| Seol: 니다 |
| Keith: Yeah for the most part. And how about a question? |
| Seol: Keith는 학생입니까? |
| Keith: Yeah and that’s being very polite. I felt very awkward. |
| Seol: Keith는 학생이에요? |
| Keith: Yeah. Much more natural but in the interview situation, you use this kind of language. |
| Seol: 네 |
| Keith: So tell me about your experiences in a Korean interview. Have you ever had a interview in Korean? |
| Minkyong: Of course I have. 이렇게 formal한 느낌이에요. |
| Keith: It’s really formal. |
| Minkyong: 네. 보통은 정장을 입고 가요. |
| Keith: A suit? you were a suit. |
| Seol: 네. 그리고 존댓말로 얘기해요. |
| Keith: Yeah in polite language but here we break it down into formal politeness level. Okay so the 과장님 what is 과장님? |
| Seol: Somebody who is in charge of the department. |
| Keith: Yeah maybe department chief or section chief. And the section chief or department chief is interviewing 이윤석. Sounds like your name. |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: 윤설. |
| Minkyong: But here his surname is 이 and my surname is 윤. |
| Keith: Well we can pretend this is you. |
| Minkyong: Okay, okay sure. |
| Keith: Okay. So what is he asking him? |
| Minkyong: He is asking what he can do. |
| Keith: Yeah and 이윤석 can do a lot of things. All right, so let’s listen in. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 과장님: 영어 할 수 있어요? 우리 회사는 영어 많이 써요. |
| 이윤석: 영어 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 일본어는? |
| 이윤석: 일본어 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 중국어는? |
| 이윤석: 중국어도 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 프랑스어는? |
| 이윤석: 네. 프랑스어 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 음... 스페인어는? |
| 이윤석: 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 농구는? 할 수 있어요? |
| 이윤석: (당황하며) 네? 어... 농구? 농구 할 수 없습니다... 하지만... |
| 과장님: 야구는? 야구는 할 수 있어요? |
| 이윤석: 네??? (기뻐하며) 어... 네! 야구 할 수 있습니다! |
| 과장님: (기뻐서) 아싸! |
| Hyunwoo: 이번에는 천천히 한 번 더 |
| 과장님: 영어 할 수 있어요? 우리 회사는 영어 많이 써요. |
| 이윤석: 영어 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 일본어는? |
| 이윤석: 일본어 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 중국어는? |
| 이윤석: 중국어도 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 프랑스어는? |
| 이윤석: 네. 프랑스어 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 음... 스페인어는? |
| 이윤석: 할 수 있습니다. |
| 과장님: 농구는? 할 수 있어요? |
| 이윤석: (당황하며) 네? 어... 농구? 농구 할 수 없습니다... 하지만... |
| 과장님: 야구는? 야구는 할 수 있어요? |
| 이윤석: 네??? (기뻐하며) 어... 네! 야구 할 수 있습니다! |
| 과장님: (기뻐서) 아싸! |
| Hyunwoo: 영어로 한 번 더 |
| 과장님: 영어 할 수 있어요? 우리 회사는 영어 많이 써요. |
| Section ChieMinkyong: Can you speak English? We use a lot of English in this office. |
| 이윤석: 영어 할 수 있습니다. |
| Yunseok Lee: I can speak English. |
| 과장님: 일본어는? |
| Section ChieMinkyong: Japanese? |
| 이윤석: 일본어 할 수 있습니다. |
| Yunseok Lee: I can speak Japanese. |
| 과장님: 중국어는? |
| Section ChieMinkyong: Chinese? |
| 이윤석: 중국어도 할 수 있습니다. |
| Yunseok Lee: I can also speak Chinese. |
| 과장님: 프랑스어는? |
| Section ChieMinkyong: French? |
| 이윤석: 네. 프랑스어 할 수 있습니다. |
| Yunseok Lee: Yes, I can speak French. |
| 과장님: 음... 스페인어는? |
| Section ChieMinkyong: Hmm...Spanish? |
| 이윤석: 할 수 있습니다. |
| Yunseok Lee: Yup. |
| 과장님: 농구는? 할 수 있어요? |
| Section ChieMinkyong: Basketball? Can you play? |
| 이윤석: (당황하며) 네? 어... 농구? 농구 할 수 없습니다... 하지만… |
| Yunseok Lee: (embarrassed) Excuse me? Uh...basketball? I can't play basketball...but... |
| 과장님: 야구는? 야구는 할 수 있어요? |
| Section ChieMinkyong: Baseball? Can you play? |
| 이윤석: 네??? (기뻐하며) 어... 네! 야구 할 수 있습니다! |
| Yunseok Lee: Excuse me???? (happy) Oh, yes! I can play baseball! |
| 과장님: (기뻐서) 아싸! |
| Section ChieMinkyong: (happy) Aww yeah! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Keith: Well he is a talented guy. |
| Seol: Yeah I want to have a guy like him in our company if I have a company. |
| Keith: Can speak English, Japanese, Chinese, French, Spanish. You know who it sounds like? |
| Seol: Yeah Hyunwoo. |
| Keith: Sounds like Hyunwoo. |
| Seol: Yeah. So I think the model of 이윤석 might be 현우 |
| Keith: Maybe, okay so we are talking about languages English, Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, French and one common thing among all of these? |
| Seol: They all end in 어. |
| Keith: And what is that 어? |
| Minkyong: Language. |
| Keith: Yeah so any language that we have |
| Minkyong: It ends with 어. |
| Keith: Yeah so let’s have a couple of examples. Actually why don’t we do that in the vocabulary section? |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: To use |
| Minkyong: 쓰다 쓰다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 쓰다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: A lot, many |
| Minkyong: 많이 많이 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 많이 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Company |
| Minkyong: 회사 회사 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 회사 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: After that we have |
| Minkyong: 우리 |
| Keith: We, us, our |
| Minkyong: 우리 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 우리 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And next is, one of the languages |
| Minkyong: 영어 |
| Keith: English |
| Minkyong: 영어 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 영어 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: After that |
| Minkyong: 일본어 |
| Keith: Japanese |
| Minkyong: 일본어 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 일본어 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next |
| Minkyong: 중국어 |
| Keith: Chinese |
| Minkyong: 중국어 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 중국어 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: After that |
| Minkyong: 프랑스어 |
| Keith: French |
| Minkyong: 프랑스어 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 프랑스어 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And next we have |
| Minkyong: 스페인어 |
| Keith: Spanish |
| Minkyong: 스페인어 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 스페인어 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next is a sport. |
| Minkyong: 농구 |
| Keith: Basketball |
| Minkyong: 농구 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 농구 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And finally |
| Minkyong: 야구 |
| Keith: Baseball. |
| Minkyong: 야구 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 야구 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Keith: Now as we mentioned before, all the languages, every single language in Korean ends in |
| Seol: 어 |
| Keith: So how do we construct the language? |
| Seol: We need a country’s name and we just add 어. |
| Keith: Very simple and this 어 actually has a 한자 behind it, so this is actually kind of advanced. You can just pick a country name and add 어. There you go. You got a language. So let’s have a couple of examples outside of today’s vocabulary. |
| Minkyong: 이탈리아어 |
| Keith: Italian. The country name |
| Minkyong: 이탈리아 |
| Keith: And then |
| Minkyong: 어 |
| Keith: End. Italian maybe not, okay. |
| Seol: 아랍어 |
| Keith: Arabic. Arab is not a country |
| Seol: Not a country but they use the same language. |
| Keith: Yeah so we have Arab어. |
| Seol: 아랍어 |
| Keith: Arabic okay. |
| Minkyong: 몽골어 |
| Keith: Mongolian. Okay and we can keep going on forever, very simple. So let’s move on. So we have a hunter word here, 어. Another hunter word that we have in our vocabulary is |
| Minkyong: 구 |
| Keith: Yeah and this means ball. So in any sport, if you shoot a basketball or if you kick a soccer ball, if you spike a volleyball, all those have the word ball in there. So we have 구 for those sports. So in today’s example, what do we have? |
| Seol: 농구 |
| Keith: Basketball. |
| Seol: 야구 |
| Keith: Baseball. What else do we have? |
| Minkyong: 축구 |
| Keith: Soccer. |
| Seol: 배구 |
| Keith: Volleyball. |
| Minkyong: 탁구 |
| Keith: Ping-Pong. How about Tennis? |
| Seol: That’s just tennis. |
| Keith: No tennis구? |
| Seol: In fact we have another word for Tennis, it’s 정구 but nobody uses it. |
| Minkyong: Nobody really use that. |
| Keith: Okay but there is that 한자 in there? |
| Minkyong: Yeah. |
| Keith: So we are going over some really advanced words over here or not words but just syllables. Yeah. So if you check out today’s PDF, we are going to have the 한자 in there. So and a bunch of sample words that include these as well. All right let’s move on. Let’s talk about 쓰다 to use. Now but it also means |
| Minkyong: To write |
| Keith: Yeah it’s the same thing. |
| Minkyong: Yeah it sounds same. |
| Keith: So how do you tell the difference? |
| Seol: Just in context, if you say 한글을 쓰다 it is writing 한글 obviously but when you say 컴퓨터를 쓰다 you cannot write computer. |
| Keith: Yeah so it’s computer use. |
| Seol: Yeah you are using computer. |
| Keith: Yeah so 쓰다 has two meanings, to write and to use and in today’s conversation 어떻게 나왔어요? |
| Minkyong: 우리 회사는 영어 많이 써요. |
| Keith: We use a lot of English in the office and the reason we want to go over this is because 쓰다 has a irregular conjugation. It’s a 으 verb. The verb stem ends in the vowel ㅡ but we don’t want to get too much into the detail today. So check out the PDF if you want a detailed write up on the conjugation of this verb. Alright so let’s move on to today’s grammar point. |
| 오늘의 grammar point가 뭐예요? |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Seol: 수 있다. |
| Keith: Can do. |
| Seol: 수 없다 |
| Keith: Can't do. Now, this express ability, capability, or possibility. So, let's go over a couple examples. How about in today's conversation? |
| Seol: 과장님이 job applicant에게 물어보죠. 영어 할 수 있습니까? |
| Keith: He asked 이윤석, "Can you speak English?" |
| Seol: 그러니까 이윤석씨가 “영어 할 수 있습니다.”라고 대답했어요. |
| Keith: He answered, "I can speak English." And what I find interesting is 영어 하다. It's a 하다 verb, so you English do. |
| Seol: 네. 영어는 할 수 있는거죠. |
| Keith: Yeah, so you do English. So with all the languages, you do. 하다. Let's go over a couple examples of what languages you can speak. |
| Seol: 민경씨, 영어 할 수 있어요? |
| Keith: Can you speak English? |
| Minkyong: 네. 영어 할 수 있어요. |
| Seol: 민경씨, 중국어 할 수 있어요? |
| Minkyong: 아니요. 중국어 할 수 없어요. |
| Keith: Can't speak Chinese. |
| Seol: Keith, 스페인어 할 수 있어요? |
| Keith: 조금밖에 못 해요. Just a little bit. So if you want to ask someone if you can speak a language. "Can you speak English?" So what's the verb "to speak English"? |
| Seol: 영어 하다 |
| Keith: So let's take the verb stem. |
| Seol: 영어하 |
| Keith: That 하다 verb. That verb stem is 하. And then we add ㄹ because it ends in a vowel. So what do we have now? |
| Seol: 영어 할 |
| Keith: And then we add on... |
| Seol: 수 있어요? 영어 할 수 있어요? |
| Keith: And this is "Can you speak English?" So that 있다 is where you can express tense, mood, and politeness level. What about the sports? What do you do for the sports? 영어 하다 중국어 하다 What about basketball? |
| Minkyong: 농구 하다 |
| Keith: Basketball do. Once again, we're using this "do" verb, 하다. So 농구 할 수 있어요? |
| Minkyong: 아니요. 농구 할 수 없어요. |
| Keith: If you notice there, the negative form of this, "I can't play basketball," is... |
| Seol: 할 수 없다 |
| Keith: Yeah, so the only thing we did was change 할 수 있다 to 없다. |
| Seol: 간단해요. |
| Keith: Yeah, very simple. So let's go over what we can't do. |
| Seol: Keith, 컴퓨터 할 수 있어요? |
| Keith: 할 수 있어요. |
| Seol: 그래요? 그러면 음...포토샵 할 수 있어요? |
| Keith: 할 수 있어요. |
| Seol: 플레이 스테이션 할 수 있어요? |
| Keith: 할 수 있어요.. I'm a very talented man. |
| Seol: Yeah, I guess so. 할 수 없는게 뭐예요? |
| Keith: 중국어 할 수 없어요. |
| Seol: 그리고? |
| Keith: 야구 할 수 없어요. |
| Seol: 또? |
| Keith: Well, there's a lot of things I can't do. You win. Just to recap really quickly, how do we make the formal politeness level? We had 할 수 있어요, so the formal politeness level is 할 수... |
| Minkyong: 있습니다. |
| Keith: Yeah, so we have the verb 있다. The verb stem is? |
| Minkyong: 있 |
| Keith: And then we add on? |
| Minkyong: 습니다 |
| Keith: And that's the formal politeness conjugation, when you want to be the most polite possible. and that’s how it came out in today’s conversation. |
| Minkyong: 할 수 있습니다. |
| Keith: 뭐요? |
| Minkyong: 프랑스어 할 수 있습니다. |
| Keith: Really, you can speak French? |
| Minkyong: A little bit. |
| Keith: Yeah |
| Minkyong: Yeah |
| Keith: Well she is better than you Seol. |
| Seol: Yeah I agree. I lose. |
Outro |
| Keith: Okay so that’s going to do for today. How did you feel about your first lesson? |
| Minkyong: It was fun, I had fun recording. |
| Keith: 다음에도 할 수 있어요? So can you do it next time too? |
| Minkyong: 예. 할 수 있습니다. |
| Keith: All right. |
| Seol: 저도 할 수 있습니다. |
| Keith: Well I know you can do. |
| Seol: 잘 해 보겠습니다. |
| Keith: You are a professional podcaster. |
| Seol: Thank you. |
| Keith: You don’t seem so convinced. So, remember to stick around and listen to the end of this audio track. Okay. That’s going to do it. See you later. |
| Minkyong: See you later. |
| Seol: 안녕. |
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