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| INTRODUCTION |
| Seol: 안녕하세요. 윤설입니다. |
| Keith: Hey Keith here. The Law Student Part 3. So to recap really quickly, let’s go over what happened. What happened with our law student 무슨 뜻이에요? |
| Seol: 유근이가요. He doesn’t like to go to school. So his teacher asks what happened to 유근 but 유근 is always a little bit cold. |
| Keith: Yeah so in our previous two beginner lessons, the 선생님이 유근한테 전화했죠? |
| Seol: 네 왜 학교 안 왔냐고 물어봤어요. |
| Keith: Yeah so the teacher is asking why didn’t you come to school. You have to come to school tomorrow. Tomorrow is graduation day. 되게 중요하지 않아요? That’s pretty important right? |
| Seol: 당연하죠. 졸업식은 정말 제일 중요한 날인거잖아요. |
| Keith: Yeah it’s the most important. So we are here on that day. We are graduating today. |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: 기쁘지 않아요? |
| Seol: 기뻐요 but I just – but it seems that 유근 made another problem. |
| Keith: Yeah so what’s going on in this conversation? |
| Seol: 유근과 선생님이 대화를 하고 있는데요. 유근은 선생님에게 존댓말로 얘기하고 있네요. |
| Keith: Yeah 유근 is talking to the teacher and 유근 is using polite language 존댓말 and the teacher in this case is using |
| Seol: 반말 |
| Keith: Informal language. Intimate politeness level. So let’s listen and see what they have to say. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 유근: 선생님! 안녕하세요. 근데 왜 아무도 없어요? |
| 선생님: 니가 늦게 왔으니까 아무도 없지! |
| 유근: 아… |
| 선생님: 그래도 졸업식이니까, 선생님이랑 사진 찍자. |
| 유근: 네. |
| 선생님: 자. 이제 졸업식 끝났으니까, 집에 가! |
| 유근: …네… |
| Seol: 영어로 한 번 더 |
| 유근: 선생님! 안녕하세요. 근데 왜 아무도 없어요? |
| Keith: Hello. Why is no one here? |
| 선생님: 니가 늦게 왔으니까 아무도 없지! |
| Keith: There's no one here because you're late. |
| 유근: 아… |
| Keith: Oh. |
| 선생님: 그래도 졸업식이니까, 선생님이랑 사진 찍자. |
| Keith: But still, it is graduation day, so let's take a picture. |
| 유근: 네. |
| Keith: Ok. |
| 선생님: 자. 이제 졸업식 끝났으니까, 집에 가! |
| Keith: Well, the graduation ceremony's over, so go home now. |
| 유근: …네… |
| Keith: Ok. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Seol: Well 유근 finally came to the school and nobody is waiting for him even though it’s a graduation day. So I just feel sorry for him because taking a picture is the most important thing that you have to do. |
| Keith: Okay so what’s the typical Korean graduation like. What was your graduation like? Was it the paparazzi? |
| Seol: No of course not. Like I went to my graduation with my parents and they gave me flowers and then we took some pictures and then we went to the restaurant to have you know good lunch. |
| Keith: Well it sounds pretty standard. I think that’s pretty standard almost everywhere you go with your family. It’s a family event you go out and also well sometimes it’s a friend’s event as well. All right, so let’s move on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: What do we got? |
| Seol: 졸업식 |
| Keith: Graduation day. |
| Seol: 졸업식 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 졸업식 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next we have |
| Seol: 늦다 |
| Keith: To be late. |
| Seol: 늦다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 늦다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: 그 다음에 |
| Seol: 끝나다 |
| Keith: To be over. |
| Seol: 끝나다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 끝나다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And |
| Seol: 아무도 |
| Keith: Anybody, nobody. |
| Seol: 아무도 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 아무도 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next we have |
| Seol: 사진 |
| Keith: Picture, photograph. |
| Seol: 사진 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 사진 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And 그 다음에 |
| Seol: 찍다 |
| Keith: To snap, to take. |
| Seol: 찍다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 찍다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And next we have |
| Seol: 이제 |
| Keith: From now. |
| Seol: 이제 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 이제 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And 마지막으로 |
| Seol: 집 |
| Keith: Home, house. |
| Seol: 집 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 집 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Keith: All right. Let’s talk about the word 늦다 really quickly. Now pretty straightforward to be late but the reason I want to go over this word is because there is a similar word that we have. |
| Seol: 지각하다 |
| Keith: To be late. |
| Seol: 그렇네요. |
| Keith: And these two have their different usages each one for each specific case but generally speaking 늦다 is used more for like time. |
| Seol: 늦게 일어났어. |
| Keith: I woke up late. |
| Seol: 늦게 잤어. |
| Keith: I slept late. Now 늦다 is the verb to be late. What came out in this conversation? |
| Seol: 늦게 |
| Keith: In a late way or late manner. So 오늘의 대화에는 어떻게 나왔어요? |
| Seol: 선생님이 이렇게 말하죠. 니가 늦게 왔으니까. |
| Keith: Because you came late but it’s not came late, it’s came in a late manner. Came in a late way. |
| Seol: So 늦게 here is an adverb. |
| Keith: Right so we have 늦게 and then a verb. |
| Seol: 오다 늦게 오다 or 늦게 자다 |
| Keith: To sleep late and like we said, we had a synonym with this word. |
| Seol: 지각하다 |
| Keith: And if you check out our PDF, our PDF has synonyms for a lot of our words. So if there is something very similar to 늦다, 지각하다 now this is a great way to study and if you know a word, you can build your vocabulary with synonyms what we include in each and every PDF. So remember to check it out. Very cool, all right. Let’s move on to our next word. |
| Seol: 아무도 |
| Keith: Now when we said this in the vocabulary section, we said anybody, nobody. |
| Seol: It doesn’t make sense in English? |
| Keith: No it doesn’t make sense because they are opposites right? |
| Seol: Umm… |
| Keith: But the thing here is that 아무도 really means anybody but it’s always used with the negative verb or a negative adverb or something negative to say anybody and then you make it negative. So it turns actually into nobody. |
| Seol: Right. |
| Keith: So 오늘의 대화에는 어떻게 나왔어요? How about in this conversation? |
| Seol: 선생님 says 니가 늦게 왔으니까 아무도 없는거야! |
| Keith: Because you came late, nobody is here. Now what’s that phrase that we have? |
| Seol: 아무도 없다 |
| Keith: Literally anybody not exists. |
| Seol: Yeah nobody is there. |
| Keith: Yeah nobody is there but what we have is 없다 that’s a negative form of the verb |
| Seol: 있다 |
| Keith: Yeah and you can use negative verbs or you can also use the negative adverb 안 or the sentence structure 지 않다 and there is a bunch of different ways you can be in negative. |
| Seol: 아무도 안 먹는다. |
| Keith: Nobody is eating. Literally anybody not eat. |
| Seol: Or 아무도 가지 않는다. |
| Keith: Nobody is going. Literally anybody not going. All right, so let’s move on to our grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Keith: Now in this grammar point, we have another "because". What was our prior two sentences? Let's go with "Because I work for KoreanClass101.com, I am happy." |
| Seol: 내가 KoreanClass101.com에서 일하기 때문에 나는 행복해요. |
| Keith: All right, so we had that construction 기 때문에, and that's just a very general "because". What was the nuance of it again? |
| Seol: It is a little bit more formal. 그래서 보통 대화에서는 자주 쓰이지는 않아요. |
| Keith: Yeah. You don't use it very often in conversation. So what do we use more often? |
| Seol: 해서. 예를 들어서 이런거요. 저는 밥 먹어서 배불러요. |
| Keith: Because I ate, I'm full. Now this is another very general "because". |
| Seol: And the content sounds more casual. |
| Keith: Because I ate, I'm full. We went over this in our previous two lessons, so if you want to find out the construction of these and how to use them, go to our previous two lessons. But in this lesson, what are we focusing on? |
| Seol: 하니까 |
| Keith: 니까. This one is a little more colloquial, too. It's pretty colloquial. |
| Seol: 맞아요. |
| Keith: But what's the nuance here? What's the nuance with this one? What's the difference between 니까 and 어서? |
| Seol: Well, when I use 니까 I feel like I assume that you, the listener, know what I mean. |
| Keith: Yeah. So the speaker assumes that the listener knows that I have a date tomorrow, so I can't meet you Seol. So I know you know. Stop bothering me. |
| Seol: Yeah. 그럴 때는 니까를 쓰는 거예요. |
| Keith: Yeah. But generally speaking, 어서 is just a general "because." |
| Seol: 네 |
| Keith: So 이 대화에는 어떻게 나왔어요? |
| Seol: In this dialogue, 선생님 says 니가 늦게 왔으니까 아무도 없지!. |
| Keith: So what's that first clause, before 니까? |
| Seol: 늦게 왔으니까 |
| Keith: Because you came late. What's after that? |
| Seol: 아무도 없는거야 |
| Keith: Nobody's here. We went over 늦게 and 아무도 없다, so that first clause, "Because you came late," and that second clause, "Nobody's here." |
| Seol: There's another example here. 그래도 졸업식이니까, 선생님이랑 사진 찍을래? |
| Keith: Ok. So what's that first clause? |
| Seol: 그래도 졸업식이니까 |
| Keith: But because it's graduation day. And now the second clause? |
| Seol: 선생님이랑 사진 찍을래? |
| Keith: Do you want to take a picture with me, the teacher. So, "because of this and this." So that first one. Let's go over that first clause again. |
| Seol: 졸업식이니까 |
| Keith: Because it's graduation day. I know and you know. Even though you came late, I know and I assume you know. So that's why we're using 니까 over here. But I want to go over the pronunciation of this real quick. Typically, it's 니까, but a lot of times I hear 니깐. 왜 그럴까요? Why is that? |
| Seol: I don't know, but I just feel like, when I sound like 니깐, I'm talking to my friend or someone who's really close to me. When I sound 니까, it's more formal, I feel. |
| Keith: Not super formal, but maybe just a tiny bit. |
| Seol: No. Yeah. |
| Keith: So the difference in pronunciation, there's no change in the meaning. It's the same exact thing. It's just a personal choice, I think. All right, so before we finish this lesson, we want to mention that there's also a few other usages for 니까. Seol, since you're the Korean expert, please help us out. |
| Seol: When you tell someone to do something, then you can use 니까. |
| Keith: All right. So when you're using the imperative. "Hey! Do this!" We're using 니까. Can we have an example of where this can be used with the imperative? |
| Seol: Keith, 지금 12시 넘었으니까 빨리 자. |
| Keith: Keith, because it's past twelve, go to sleep. |
| Seol: 술 그만 마시고. |
| Keith: 무슨 술이에요. So that first clause. Because of this, do this. The imperative comes in the second clause. I think that’s going to do it. How did you feel? |
| Seol: 녹음이 잘 끝났으니까 기분이 좋아요. |
Outro |
| Keith: Yeah, I know it you know it. The recording went well, so I feel good. All right so that’s going to do it. We will see you next time. |
| Seol: 수고하셨어요. |
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