Learn how to connect two actions in Korean using the아/어/여서 (a/eo/yeoseo) pattern, which indicates reason or cause
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Seol: 안녕하세요. 윤설입니다. |
| Minkyong: 안녕하세요. 민경이에요. |
| Keith: Hey Keith here. Good for Nothing Bosses, Part 2. |
| Seol: 사장님이라는건 정말 좋은 거 같아요. |
| Keith: Why do you think being a boss is such a good thing? You have a lot of responsibilities. You got to take care of this, you got to take care of this, you got to do this, you got to do that, you got to pay this, you got to pay that and… |
| Seol: Okay…Then I will think of it again but here these two bosses seem to have a great time like doing nothing. They just enjoy their lives. |
| Keith: They are good for nothing. Well before we get into this conversation let’s review our last conversation. What happened in our last conversation? Who are the two characters? |
| Minkyong: They are the bosses of 성삼 and 대현 companies. |
| Keith: The 사장님들. |
| Minkyong: 네 맞아요. |
| Keith: And in our last conversation, they are just talking, hey what’s up? I am bored. Nothing. work! Are you kidding me? So what’s going on in this conversation? |
| Minkyong: They are talking about going on trips to Hawaii, Germany and England but they end up doing something else. |
| Keith: Yeah they are just bored again and hey, what do you want to do? You want to hop on a plane. You want to go here, you want to go there. So because these are two 사장님, two bosses, what kind of politeness level are they going to be using? |
| Seol: 존댓말 |
| Keith: Polite language and in this case, standard politeness level and in other cases, do you think bosses would be using the formal politeness level? 안녕하십니까? 잘 계십니까? |
| Seol: Yeah they are in a business setting. They should be formal. |
| Keith: So in a business setting, even among two higher ranking CEOs, the highest ranking, they would use the most polite language. |
| Seol: Sure they have to show their respect to other people. |
| Keith: But maybe to their workers. Not as much… |
| Seol: Not really. |
| Keith: Okay. So they are using standard politeness level. Okay let’s listen in. |
| Minkyong: 네 들어봐요. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 성삼 사장님: 사장님 안녕하세요. 안 바빠요? |
| 대현 사장님: 예, 바쁘지 않아요. |
| 성삼 사장님: 그럼 하와이에 가서, 골프를 칠까요? |
| 대현 사장님: 아니면 독일에 가서, 맥주를 마실까요? |
| 성삼 사장님: 흠... 영국에 가서, 축구를 볼까요? |
| 대현 사장님: 하하하하. 그냥 우리 만나서, 불꽃놀이 해요! |
| Seol: 한 번 더 |
| 성삼 사장님: 사장님 안녕하세요. 안 바빠요? |
| Keith: Hello. Are you busy? |
| 대현 사장님: 예, 바쁘지 않아요. |
| Keith: Nope. I'm not busy. |
| 성삼 사장님: 그럼 하와이에 가서, 골프를 칠까요? |
| Keith: Then do you want to go to Hawaii and play golf? |
| 대현 사장님: 아니면 독일에 가서, 맥주를 마실까요? |
| Keith: Or how about we go to Germany and drink beer? |
| 성삼 사장님: 흠... 영국에 가서, 축구를 볼까요? |
| Keith: Hmm. Shall we go to England and watch soccer? |
| 대현 사장님: 하하하하. 그냥 우리 만나서, 불꽃놀이 해요! |
| Keith: Let's just meet and light fireworks |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Seol: 아, 나도 사장님 진짜 하고 싶다. |
| Minkyong: I was thinking the same thing. I wish I was a good for nothing boss. |
| Seol: Me too. |
| Minkyong: It’s like a dream job. |
| Keith: All you got to do is work hard for many, many years and then you can hey, what you are doing? You want to go to Hawaii, I will pay for it. |
| Seol: Or their fathers worked hard and they just got that company. |
| Keith: Actually let’s go over some of the big corporations in Korea. So we have |
| Seol: 삼성 |
| Keith: And that’s what one of our characters is named after I guess and this is a worldwide corporation but when the CEO gets too old or he can’t work anymore, well what happens? Who does he hand the power down to? |
| Seol: Of course his son. His son succeeds him. |
| Keith: So it’s not like oh the guy that worked next to me for 40 years. It’s not like that? |
| Seol: The person who worked really hard can be a vice president. He can go up to the vice president but not to the president. |
| Keith: So nepotism is still pretty strong in Korean work culture. |
| Seol: Sure. |
| Minkyong: 네 그런 것 같아요. So you have to be born in the family. I am already, I can’t be a good for nothing boss. |
| Seol: But you can make your own company and you can be a good for nothing boss in 20 years. |
| Minkyong: In 20 years, okay. |
| Seol: Okay. |
| Minkyong: Let’s forget about it. |
| Keith: All right. Before we move on to the vocabulary, I want to remind our listeners to stop by KoreanClass101.com and check out our grammar bank. In this lesson, we have two grammar points but in a grammar bank, we have all our grammar listed there. So if you wanted to stop by, brush up on your grammar, it’s like hey, what does this mean? Click on it, find out what it means and see what lessons they come out with. Very useful tool. |
| Seol: 되게 좋아요. 그렇죠? |
| Keith: Of course. All right let’s move on to the vocabulary. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: First word we have is |
| Seol: 예 |
| Keith: Yes. |
| Seol: 예 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 예 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next we have |
| Seol: 하와이 |
| Keith: Hawaii. |
| Seol: 하와이 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 하와이 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next |
| Seol: 골프 |
| Keith: Golf. |
| Seol: 골프 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 골프 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next is |
| Seol: 독일 |
| Keith: Germany. |
| Seol: 독일 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 독일 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And next we have |
| Seol: 맥주 |
| Keith: Beer |
| Seol: 맥주 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 맥주 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: 그 다음에 |
| Seol: 영국 |
| Keith: England. |
| Seol: 영국 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 영국 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And next is |
| Seol: 축구 |
| Keith: Soccer |
| Seol: 축구 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 축구 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: After that we have |
| Seol: 만나다 |
| Keith: To meet. |
| Seol: 만나다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 만나다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And 그 다음에 |
| Seol: 그냥 |
| Keith: Just |
| Seol: 그냥 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 그냥 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And finally we have |
| Seol: 불꽃놀이 |
| Keith: Fireworks. |
| Seol: 불꽃놀이 [slowly - broken down by syllable] 불꽃놀이 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Keith: All right before we get into the grammar, let’s talk about the vocabulary words a little bit. We had a number of different places not just countries, we had Hawaii in there but Germany and England when I was a kid and I was talking with my mom, mom, I want to go to England, I would say 잉글랜드. I would say the Korean pronunciation of the word England. |
| Seol: 잉글랜드? |
| Keith: Yeah. |
| Seol: You did? |
| Keith: Yeah and my mom corrected me and she is like, no it’s 영국. |
| Seol: Yeah it should be 영국. |
| Keith: So there are certain countries that Korea had relations with for a number of years, at least 100 years maybe and those countries have Korean names to them such as |
| Seol: 독일 |
| Keith: Germany. |
| Seol: 미국 |
| Keith: America. |
| Seol: 영국 |
| Keith: England. |
| Seol: 중국 |
| Keith: China and all those aging countries. They have been… |
| Seol: Yeah they have their own names in Korean. So… |
| Keith: Yeah but the newer countries maybe after World War II, the country that sprung up after that, those are the Koreanized English names of those countries. So for example, what do we have? |
| Seol: 스페인 |
| Keith: Wait that’s an English pronunciation. |
| Seol: What about France? You know the Koreanized word for France? |
| Keith: What’s that? |
| Seol: That’s 법국 or 불란서. |
| Keith: But right now, France is called? |
| Minkyong: 프랑스 |
| Keith: The Koreanized version of the English maybe Koreanized version of the French. |
| Seol: But maybe 50 years ago, we probably used the word 불란서 more often. You know, as time changes, we used just the English word France 프랑스. So… |
| Keith: So maybe it’s the same for Spain as well? |
| Minkyong: Yeah I think so but I cannot find the word. |
| Keith: So most of the newer countries have – definitely the newer countries like South America have names that are Koreanized. |
| Seol: 네. 칠레, 아르헨티나, 브라질, 파라과이. 전부 다 한국어 이름이에요. |
| Keith: And Africa too. The African nation. |
| Seol: 케냐, 나이지리아 but we have another exception here. 남아프리카공화국 |
| Keith: South Africa okay. Well whenever the word South is in there, we use |
| Seol: 남 |
| Keith: So pretty much the point is, we don’t want our listeners to be guessing at every single country. Newer countries, you can guess the Korean pronunciation of the English but the older countries, many of them have their own names. |
| Seol: 네 |
| Keith: All right and just like countries, sports have their own names too. Even the newer sports like baseball, soccer, basketball they all have Korean names instead of the Koreanized versions of the English names. So what came out in today’s conversation? |
| Minkyong: 축구 |
| Keith: Soccer. For those of you outside of America, football and what about some other sports? |
| Seol: 야구 |
| Keith: Baseball. |
| Seol: 농구 |
| Keith: Basketball. |
| Minkyong: 배구 |
| Keith: Volleyball. |
| Minkyong: 탁구 |
| Keith: Table tennis just like the countries, you might want to just guess the Koreanized pronunciation of the English words but actually they have Korean names. So what are some Koreanized versions of the English words in terms of sports. |
| Minkyong: 음...테니스 |
| Keith: The tennis also has a Korean name as well. |
| Seol: Yeah it is true but we don’t use it that often. It’s 정구 but no elementary school students wouldn’t know what 정구 is. |
| Minkyong: And we also have 핸드볼. |
| Keith: Handball. |
| Seol: And what about 베드민턴? |
| Keith: Umm okay Rugby? |
| Seol: It’s 럭비. |
| Keith: A little different but still Koreanized pronunciation of the word. So for the more popular sports, they got Korean words for them and for the less popular sports, maybe…. |
| Seol: Yeah. |
| Keith: Maybe I am not sure how the system works. |
| Seol: Me neither. |
| Keith: Okay and finally let’s talk about the word 예. |
| Seol: 예 |
| Keith: Now this means yes. What’s the difference between 예 and 네? |
| Seol: I cannot find any difference. |
| Keith: 차이 별로 없죠? |
| Seol: 네 차이 별로 없어요. |
| Keith: Yeah. |
| Seol: Why? Did you find a little, small difference? |
| Keith: I don’t know. There is something a little different about it. I can’t put my finger on it though. |
| Seol: As a native Korean speaker, I cannot, I cannot. |
| Minkyong: It sounds different but it is used in same way I think. |
| Keith: For one thing, they are used interchangeably. You can use 예 whenever you use 네 and I don’t know what the slight nuance that I am thinking of is but you said as a native speaker, you win. |
| Seol: Okay, okay thank you. |
| Keith: All right. So let’s move on to our grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Keith: In Beginner Lesson Number 15: Good for Nothing Bosses, Part 1, we were talking about? |
| Seol: 면서 |
| Keith: This is "while", two simultaneous actions at the same time. What's this lesson's grammar point about? |
| Seol: 아서 |
| Keith: This is used to connect sentences together. First sentence explains what will happen in the second sentence. So what came out in this conversation? |
| Seol: 사장님 of 성삼 company says, 그럼 하와이에 가서 골프를 칠까요? |
| Keith: Then shall we go to Hawaii and play some golf? |
| Minkyong: This sounds great. |
| Keith: It's on you. You pay for it. |
| Minkyong: Ok. I'll think about it. |
| Keith: So that first clause, "Shall we go to Hawaii, and"? |
| Seol: 골프를 칠까요? |
| Keith: Shall we play golf. How else did it come out in this conversation? |
| Minkyong: And 대현 사장님 says, 아니면 독일에 가서 맥주를 마실까요? |
| Keith: Or shall we go to Germany and drink some beer? So because they're going to Germany, that second clause is "we'll drink beer." So something very obvious I guess. |
| Seol: Yeah, I can find a relationship between two sentences. I go to Germany first, and then I drink beer. Right? |
| Keith: So let's have a quick example. 한국에 가서. Go to Korea and... |
| Seol: 불고기를 먹어요. |
| Keith: That's very typical. Eat some 불고기. What about you? 한국에 가서? |
| Minkyong: 한국어로 말 해요. |
| Keith: Of course you speak Korean. |
| Seol: Ok. 한국에 가서 김치를 만들어요. No? |
| Keith: I don't think everybody does that one. |
| Seol: Ok. |
| Keith: Make kimchi? So this connects two different clauses, and those two clauses are related. |
| Minkyong: 네 맞아요. So you can ask in this form and answer in this form. For example, when you say, 하와이 가서 골프를 칠까요? |
| Keith: Shall we go to Hawaii and play some golf? |
| Minkyong: You can answer, 네 하와이 가서 골프를 쳐요. |
| Keith: Just a quick note. Let's go over the conjugation of it real quick. Let's go with the verb 가다. The verb stem is? |
| Seol: 가 |
| Keith: And now we add on the 아/어/여 conjugation and because the vowel in the verb 가 is... |
| Seol: ㅏ |
| Keith: We use 아. And two ㅏ's equal one. |
| Seol: So it should be 가아서, but it just becomes 가서. |
| Keith: Exactly. Just a quick note, this grammatical structure has a number of different uses, but this is just one of them. We'll be introducing the other ones later in time. For now, let's move on to our second grammar point. What do we got? |
| Minkyong: 까요? |
| Keith: Shall we? Now this is asking another person's opinion on doing something. It's called the propositive. So "Shall we do this? Shall we do that?" So, 설씨, 우리 데이트 할까요? |
| Seol: 네 |
| Keith: So much hesitation. All right. 민경, 우리 데이트 할까요? |
| Minkyong: 네 |
| Keith: Ah. All right. I scored. Two out of two. I scored. |
| Minkyong: Yeah it's ok. |
| Keith: They want to move on. So how do we construct this really quickly? |
| Minkyong: ㄹ/을 그리고 까요 |
| Keith: All right. So what came out in today's conversation? Shall we play golf? |
| Seol: 골프 칠까요? |
| Keith: So that verb there is? |
| Seol: 치다 |
| Keith: And the verb stem is? |
| Seol: 치 |
| Keith: And because it ends in a vowel, what do we add? |
| Seol: ㄹ |
| Keith: Finally we just add on that last part. |
| Seol: 까요? 칠까요? |
| Keith: Shall we play golf? How about, "Shall we drink beer"? |
| Minkyong: 맥주를 마실까요? |
| Keith: The verb there is? |
| Minkyong: 마시다 |
| Keith: And because it ends in a vowel we add ㄹ. |
| Minkyong: 마실 |
| Keith: And just that last part. |
| Minkyong: 까요 |
| Keith: Shall we drink? It's a very simple sentence. "Shall we" something. So can we have a couple examples? |
| Seol: 야구 볼까요? |
| Keith: Shall we watch baseball? |
| Minkyong: 공부 할까요? |
| Keith: Shall we study? |
| Seol: 친구 할까요? |
| Keith: Shall we be friends? 친구하다. Be friends? That's a nice example. |
| Seol: What about this Korean class 들을까요? |
Outro |
| Keith: Shall we listen to Korean class and I suggest you do. All right so we will see you next time. |
| Seol: 다음에 볼까요? |
| Minkyong: 네 |
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