Lesson Transcript

Hi, everyone! Welcome to the Ask K-Jin. My name is K-Jin. 안녕하세요, K-Jin입니다. (An-nyeong-ha-se-yo, ke-i-jin-im-ni-da.)
In this series, I'll answer your Korean questions. Today I picked questions related to 받침 (batchim),
the final consonant in Korean, part 1. Here's the first question from Gretchen. Thank you, Gretchen.
What is a 받침 (batchim)? So let me show you what is 받침 (batchim) in this word.
목요일 (mogyoil). 목요일 (mogyoil). 목요일 (mogyoil) means Thursday.
And do you see this square? This square kind of sounds like M in English, 목 (mok), 목 (mok), 목 (mok).
And do you see this sound? This sound is kind of like ㅗ (o), ㅗ (o), ㅗ (o).
Now let's see this. This is kind of like K.
I put the English pronunciation here to help you understand, but Korean pronunciation is different from English pronunciation, so it's not exactly like K.
But anyway, I broke down this syllable, so it's kind of like M-O-K, 목 (mok), 목 (mok), 목 (mok) in Korean.
So the first one, this is consonant, right? This first syllable is not 받침 (batchim), it's just the first syllable.
And do you see this? This is kind of like ㅗ (o) sound, this is a vowel, this is not a consonant.
And K, K is a consonant, yes. And this is a final consonant called 받침 (batchim), 받침 (batchim).
So as you see here, Korean letters consist of like this, consonant, vowel, and consonant.
And the final consonant is called 받침 (batchim), 받침 (batchim).
And let's look at the second letter, the second letter is 짠 (jjan).
Do you see this circle? The circle is kind of like 0, it looks like 0, which is,
This is 0, 0 sound, it has no sound.
So when you see this circle at the beginning of the syllable, beginning of the letter, please remember that this has no sound.
And now let's see this one. This is kind of like ㅛ (yo), ㅛ (yo), ㅛ (yo).
So 목요일 (mogyoil), this 목 (mok), second syllable, ㅛ (yo), and let's look at the third syllable, 짠 (jjan), 짠 (jjan), 짠 (jjan).
Ah, this is a circle again, it means it has no sound, ㅂ (b), ㅂ (b), ㅂ (b).
And let's look at this, what is it like? ㅣ (i), ㅣ (i), ㅣ (i), this is ㅣ (i) sound, ㅣ (i) sound.
And now let's look at the 받침 (batchim), the final consonant, this is kind of like L sound, so it's, 일 (il), 일 (il), 일 (il).
So, 짠 (jjan), 목 (mok), 요 (yo), 일 (il), 목요일 (mogyoil), 목요일 (mogyoil), it means Thursday, and there are only two 받침 (batchim) sounds, which are this and this, the final consonants at the bottom.
So, 짠 (jjan), Korean letters consist of these parts, first, you always need to put a consonant, consonant here,
always, you always need the consonant. Well, if there is no consonant sound, then do you remember the circle, the ㅇ (ng), which has no sound?
So, you always need something here, the consonant part, this consonant part, if there is no sound, there is only vowel sound, then put this circle, ㅇ (ng).
And you always need a vowel, and as you see here, the vowel can come here, or the vowel can come here, or it can even come whole this part, whole this part, it's depending on the shape of the vowel.
And these two, this consonant and this vowel are so important, they are always together, they should always be together to make a sound in Korean.
You cannot have only a consonant, or you cannot have only a vowel to make a Korean alphabet, Korean letter, you always need to combine these two, consonant and vowel, consonant and vowel.
And if you want, you can put this final consonant, 받침 (batchim), only if you want, or only if it's necessary, this is optional, but if you put a final consonant here, anyway, it's called 받침 (batchim), 받침 (batchim).
So, let me show you some examples, let me show you some examples.
Do you know the name of Korea in Korean?
Is, 짠 (jjan), 하 (ha), 하 (ha), this is 하 (ha), 하 (ha), the consonant H, kind of like H in English, and this is like ㅏ sound, ㅏ sound, ㅏ (a), and this is kind of like N, so 한 (han), 한 (han), and this is ㄱ (giyeok), ㄱ (giyeok), 한 (han), 구 (gu), ㅜ sound is like G, this is U, this is kind of K.
So, 한국 (Hanguk), 한국 (Hanguk) is the name of the country, name of the country, South Korea in Korean, and what are, what are the 받침 (batchim) sound here?
Now you know it, 받침 (batchim) always comes at the bottom of the syllable, always bottom, it's optional, so some letters don't have 받침 (batchim), but well, in this case, there are 받침 (batchim), so for example, this is 받침 (batchim), this is 받침 (batchim), so these are 받침 (batchim) and 받침 (batchim) are so important.
And from this lesson and in the next few lessons, I'm going to introduce you about 받침 (batchim), here's the second question from Franklin, thank you Franklin, how many 받침 (batchim) sounds are there?
As you know now, 받침s (batchim) are basically consonants, and these are Korean consonants, wow, there are so many, right?
But don't worry, there are only seven, seven, seven sounds, not so many, just seven, so although there are many consonants, we don't pronounce them all differently, there are only seven sounds, and I'm going to show you just like this now.
So, 짠 (jjan), let's look at the pink one, do you see the pink one, this, 기억 (gi-eok), 기억 (gi-eok), so this is kind of like G sound if you use it at the beginning of the syllable.
짠 (jjan), this too, this is kind of K sound, and this is kind of like KK sound, well, this is not KK sound, but well, in English, there's no alphabet that describes this sound, so in romanization, we use KK, so please understand that, this is not exact pronunciation in English, but it's just romanized this way.
So anyway, these three alphabets are pronounced the same way, although they look different, so please remember, this 기억 (gi-eok) and this 기억 (gi-eok) have the same sound, that's why I put in the same color, this pink, now let's look at the blue ones, do you find the blue one?
Yes, it's there, here, first, ㅂ (bieup), ㅂ (bieup), and this is ㅂ (bieup), ㅂ (bieup), and this is 쌍ㅂ (ssangbieup), 쌍ㅂ (ssangbieup), and they look different, but they are pronounced exactly the same way, just like ㅍ (pieup), ㅍ (pieup) at the end, but please know that Korean pronunciation is different, so how they are pronounced, I'll show you the first one, the pink ones first.
Do you know this word? 목 (mok), 목 (mok), it means neck or throat, 목 (mok), 목 (mok), 목 (mok), and in the romanization, the pronunciation is like this, I'm okay, 목 (mok), 목 (mok), but probably as an English speaker, you read like this, 목 (mok), 목 (mok), but nope, nope, Korean pronunciation is different, Korean K is different.
그래서 (geuraeseo) 받침 (batchim) is not 목 (mok), but it's 목 (mok), 목 (mok), you just block your throat, you don't hear 목 (mok), right? 녹 (nok), 녹 (nok), sound at the end, it's just 목 (mok), 목 (mok), 목 (mok), so it means neck, neck, and if you wrote it like this, this 기억 (gi-eok) sound, it's not showing, so I write it here,
자 (ja), if you write it like 목 (mok), or 목 (mok), Korean people will pronounce this exactly the same way, but by the way, this sound, these letters don't exist, but I just wrote it as an example, okay, so now let's look at this ㅂ (bieup) sound.
Do you know this word? 밥 (bap), 밥 (bap), 밥 (bap), it means cooked rice, it's rice, but it's cooked, it's not uncooked one, rice, 밥, 밥, so well, with the romanization, it will be ㅂ, ㅂ, 밥, you will read like this, right, if you are not familiar with Korean alphabet, it's 밥, 밥, but again, we don't have this ㅍ, ㅍ sound, it's just 밥, 밥,
밥 (bap), that's it, it's not 밥 (bap), 밥 (bap), it's 밥 (bap), 밥 (bap), 밥 (bap), so I wrote it as ㅍ (p) sound here, ㅍ (p), ㅍ (p), ㅍ (p), because well, that's the official romanization rule, but we pronounce it differently, it's 밥 (bap), 밥 (bap), 밥 (bap), okay, so now let's look at the other one, do you see the yellow ones, yellow ones, there are so many, right, this, this, this, this, they are all different,
they are all different here, but they are pronounced exactly the same way, kind of like ㅌ (t) at the end, ㅌ (t) at the end, so for example, I have this word, do you know 곧 (got), 곧 (got), it means soon, soon, so I'll study soon, I'll study soon, 곧 (got), 곧 (got), 곧 (got), so it means soon,
and do you know this word, 곧 (got), 곧 (got), it means a place, place, so now I use different 받침 (batchim), right, I use ㄷ (d), ㄷ (d), different 받침 (batchim), but the pronunciation is exactly same if they are used as a 받침 (batchim), so for first one, I use this, second one, I use this, ㄷ (d), ㄷ (d), so they look different,
but the pronunciation is the same, so it looks like, oh, there are so many consonants, so many 받침 (batchim), but actually there are only three, so now we look at three sounds, three different sounds, the pink one, the kind of ㄱ (g) sound, and the blue one, kind of ㅌ (t) sound, and the yellow one, kind of ㅌ (t) sound, and now let's look at the other ones,
so, 짠 (jjan), how about this, how about this, this, this is relatively simple, because when this, this sound is used at the beginning of the syllable, and it's kind of like ㄴ (n) sound, kind of,
and even when it's used at the bottom, which is the 받침 (batchim) position, it is still ㄴ (n) sound, same for this ㄹ (r/l) sound, ㄴ (n) sound, ㅇ (ng) sound, they don't change the pronunciation, so for example, I have this word,
하늘 (haneul), 하늘 (haneul), there is just one 받침 (batchim), right, one 받침 (batchim), 하늘 (haneul), this ㄹ (r/l), ㄹ (r/l), this ㄹ (r/l), 짠 (jjan), so this is still pronounced as kind of like ㄹ (r/l), I don't like using the English pronunciation or English alphabet name when I introduce the Korean alphabet,
but, well, for beginners, it's still necessary, so I'm saying it is ㄹ (r/l), but it is different from ㄹ (r/l), because it's a different language with different pronunciation, but anyway, 하늘 (haneul), it means sky, sky, how about this, 산 (san), oh, now I'm talking about the nature, 산 (san) means mountain, mountain, 산 (san), 산 (san), 산 (san), there is one 받침 (batchim) here, and it's 산 (san),
you hear the ㄴ (n) sound at the end, right, now I have this, can you pronounce this, this means river, this river, and I said this one,
짠 (jjan), this one has no sound when it's used at the beginning of the syllable, right, but when it's used as 받침 (batchim), 받침 (batchim), the final consonant, then it has ㄴ (n) sound, ㄴ (n), ㄴ (n) sound, so this is pronounced as ㄱ (g), do you hear? ㄱ (g),
ㄴ (n), ㄴ (n) is very special, when it's used at the beginning of the syllable, then it has no sound, when it's used as 받침 (batchim), as the final consonant then it sounds like count, so ㄱ (g), ㄱ (g), ㄱ (g).
So, these are the 받침 (batchim) sound, the basic 받침 (batchim) pronunciation, and it's not so difficult so when you pronounce 받침 (batchim) please read out many times so you can get used to it.
Here's the last question from Monty. Thank you Monty.
How does ㅇ (ng) act as a 받침 (batchim) placeholder?
When the placeholder ㅇ (ng) follows the syllable with 받침 (batchim), the consonant in 받침 (batchim) position replaces the ㅇ (ng), ㅇ (ng) consonant. What does it mean?
So let me show you with these examples.
얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum) means ice by the way.
So when you read this letter, letter by letter, this is like this.
얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum) is difficult to pronounce, right?
So we make these sounds connected. How?
You see this ㅇ (yeong), ㅇ (yeong), this looks like zero, no sound.
Actually, it has no sound because it's waiting for a 받침 (batchim) sound.
It wants to steal the 받침 (batchim) pronunciation.　How?
There is this 받침 (batchim), kind of L sound, right? It goes here.
So it's written as 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum), but when we actually pronounce this word, it's like ㅓ, 름 (reum), 얼음 (eoreum).
얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum) is hard to pronounce it.
It's naturally connected, it's naturally linked as in 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum), 얼음 (eoreum).
Let's practice with another example which is 금염 (geumyeom), 금염 (geumyeom), 금염 (geumyeom).
This circle, the placeholder ㅇ (yeong), ㅇ (yeong), it has no sound because it's waiting for 받침 (batchim) sound.
받침 (batchim), if there is any 받침 (batchim) right before circle, placeholder, then these sounds go here.
So this placeholder steals the 받침 (batchim) sound right before ㅇ (yeong), ㅇ (yeong), the circle.
So when you read it letter by letter, it should sound like 금연 (geumyeon), 금연 (geumyeon), 금연 (geumyeon). It's so difficult.
So let's just link this sound as in 금연 (geumyeon), 금연 (geumyeon), 금연 (geumyeon).
It means no smoking, 금연 (geumyeon), no smoking. And let's look at more examples.
음 (eum), 악 (ak), 음 (eum), 악 (ak).
If you read letter by letter, the first word, this one, then it's 음 (eum), 악 (ak), music, but it should be linked.
And in the linguistic term, we say rendition.
But I don't like this difficult term, but it's just characteristic of ㅇ (yeong), the circle.
It's still the 받침 (batchim) sound as in 음악 (eumak), 음악 (eumak).
It's not 음 (eum), 악 (ak), but it goes here.
음악 (eumak), 음악 (eumak), music. Same here, do you see placeholder? Is this placeholder?
Nope, this is 받침 (batchim).
When it's used as 받침 (batchim), then remember the pronunciation is like this, ㄴ (nieun), ㅈ (jieut).
So what is the placeholder ㄴ (nieun)? It's here.
So it steals this sound as in, just like 중국어 (jung-gugeo).
중국어 (jung-gugeo) is Chinese, Chinese language.
And now we have crocodile, let's look at this.
So yes, there is 받침 (batchim) and there is circle, the ㅇ (yeong), placeholder. Wow, perfect.
Then it's like 악어 (ageo), 악어 (ageo), crocodile. And now we have the graduation.
Graduation in Korean is this.
And you see this 받침 (batchim) and placeholder, so it goes here as in 졸업 (jol-eop).
It means graduation. 졸업 (jol-eop), 졸업 (jol-eop).
And next, we have 받침 (batchim) and this circle, placeholder.
So we steal this sound as in 하린 (harin). Lastly, this goes here, right?
So it's 포구 (pogu), 포구 (pogu). It means heavy rain, heavy rain.
So there are many words that include this circle, placeholder in Korean.
So please practice a lot so you can get used to it. That's it for this lesson.
Today I answered three questions about 받침 (batchim). Thanks for watching. I'm Kjin and I'll see you on KoreanClass101.com. 다음 시간에 봐요 (daeum sigan-e bwayo).

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