This is Tim from KC101.com.
Throughout this post, I'd like to give you profound insight into "Sentence Endings" in Korean.
Please keep in mind the followings!!!
1. You must learn about 동사 어간 "verb stem" FIRST before studying "Sentence Endings"
(for more information about 동사 어간, please take a look at the post of "About 일반동사 (동작동사) "Action verbs"".
2. You must be familiar with these rules...
a. if 동사 어간 "verb stem" ends WITH a 받침 (with a consonant)
b. if 동사 어간 "verb stem" ends WITHOUT a 받침 (ends with a vowel)
★ Here are lists of some of basic "sentence endings" in Korean
a. 서술문 "Interrogative Sentence Ending". Formation: Verb Stem + ㅂ/습니다
b. 의문문 "Declarative Sentence Ending". Formation: Verb Stem + ㅂ/습니까?
c. 청유문 "Proposal Sentence Ending". Formation: Verb Stem + ㅂ/읍시다
Note: Simple 청유문 "simple Proposal Sentence Ending". Formation: Verb Stem + 자
★ Here are rules -
a. If the Verb Stem ends WITH a 받침 (with a consonant) => Verb Stem + ㅂ니다 / ㅂ니까? / ㅂ시다
b. If the Verb Stem ends WITHOUT a 받침 (ends with a vowel) => Verb Stem + 습니다 / 습니까? / 읍시다
Now, let's simply practice some... (are you ready?)
Example #a) 하다 "to do". 하 (ends WITHOUT a 받침) is the Verb Stem, and then...
=> a. (to make Interrogative Sentence) 하 "verb stem" + ㅂ니다 "interrogative sentence ending" => 합니다
=> b. (to make Declarative Sentence Ending) 하 "verb stem" + ㅂ니까? "declarative sentence ending" => 합니까?
=> c. (to make Proposal Sentence Ending) 하 "verb stem" + ㅂ시다 "proposal sentence ending" => 합시다
Example #b) 먹다 "to eat". 먹 (ends WITH a 받침) is the Verb Stem, and then...
=> a. (to make Interrogative Sentence) 먹 "verb stem" + 습니다 "interrogative sentence ending" => 먹습니다
=> b. (to make Declarative Sentence Ending) 먹 "verb stem" + 습니까? "declarative sentence ending" => 먹습니까?
=> c. (to make Proposal Sentence Ending) 먹 "verb stem" + 읍시다 "proposal sentence ending" => 먹읍시다
Now it's your turn,
#3. 가다 "to go". 가 is the Verb Stem, and it becomes... a. _______ b. ________ c. __________
#4. 오다 "to come". 오 is the Verb Stem, and it becomes... a. _______ b. ________ c. __________
#5. 듣다 "to listen". 듣 is the Verb Stem, and it becomes... a. _______ b. ________ c. __________
#6. 읽다 "to read". 읽 is the Verb Stem, and it becomes... a. _______ b. ________ c. __________
#7. 말하다 "to speak". 말하 is the Verb Stem, and it becomes... a. __________ b. ___________ c. ____________
#8. 앉다 "to sit". 앉 is the Verb Stem, and it becomes... a. _________ b. __________ c. ____________
Now, you know about 다양한 문장 종결 어미 "Various Sentence Endings"
Thanks for your time and study.
Please feel free to give me any advice and comment on this post.
Hope this post helps you give the profound insight into the Sentence Endings.
cheers, 여러분 힘내세요~~ "Go Go everyone~~~"
Tim
ps. For more practice on 'VERB STEM', please give a listen to "Lower Intermediate Season 2"
