Learn how to use the Korean verb that means "to not exist"
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Intro |
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| Keith: We Don't Have Anything Warm for the Korean Winter. Thanks for being here with us for this lesson. Misun, what are we looking at in this lesson? |
| Misun: In this lesson, we are looking at shopping for clothes. |
| Keith: Okay. And this conversation takes place where? |
| Misun: At a department store. |
| Keith: Okay. And the conversation is betweenโฆ |
| Misun: A customer and a worker. |
| Keith: And the speakers are strangers, therefore the speakers will be speaking in formal Korean. |
| Misun: ๋ค, ์กด๋๋ง (ne, jondaenmal) |
| Keith: Well, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
| ์๋ ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ ์์ด์? |
| ์ง์ ์์ด์. |
| ์๋ ์ฅ๊ฐ ์์ด์? |
| ์ง์ ์์ด์. |
| ์๋ ๊ฒจ์ธ ๋ชจ์ ์์ด์? |
| ์ง์ ์๋... ์ฌ๊ธฐ ํ์์ด์ ๋๋ค. |
| Keith: One more time, slowly. |
| ์๋ ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ ์์ด์? |
| ์ง์ ์์ด์. |
| ์๋ ์ฅ๊ฐ ์์ด์? |
| ์ง์ ์์ด์. |
| ์๋ ๊ฒจ์ธ ๋ชจ์ ์์ด์? |
| ์ง์ ์๋... ์ฌ๊ธฐ ํ์์ด์ ๋๋ค. |
| Keith: One more time with the English. |
| ์๋ ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ ์์ด์? |
| Keith: Do you have scarves? |
| ์ง์ ์์ด์. |
| Keith: No, we don't. |
| ์๋ ์ฅ๊ฐ ์์ด์? |
| Keith: Do you have gloves? |
| ์ง์ ์์ด์. |
| Keith: No, we don't. |
| ์๋ ๊ฒจ์ธ ๋ชจ์ ์์ด์? |
| Keith: Do you have winter hats? |
| ์ง์ ์๋... ์ฌ๊ธฐ ํ์์ด์ ๋๋ค. |
| Keith: Miss, this is Hawaii. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Misun: Hawaii, wow. ๋๋ฌด ์ข๊ฒ ์ด์. |
| Keith: Yeah, I would love to be in Hawaii. But this person is asking for some winter clothes. Maybe she thinks this is Korea. Misun, what's winter in Korea like? |
| Misun: ๋๋ฌด ์ถ์์! Itโs really, really freezing out there in Korea. |
| Keith: Itโs super cold. |
| Misun: I know. You know, when I was very young, I always shivered with cold all the time. I donโt know why. Iโve been layered and layered but it didnโt help. |
| Keith: Well, you know, Iโm from New York, and New York can get pretty cold, too, but like Korea, no way, man. I donโt know what it is. I think itโs the mountains. Thereโs tons and tons of mountains in Korea, so air gets really pushed down, I guess, toโฆ |
| Misun: Maybe. |
| Keith: โฆto the city sometimes, I guess. |
| Misun: Yeah, that explains it. |
| Keith: But also, I feel like when weโre in Korea, the wind is kind of likeโฆ |
| Misun: Stabbing. |
| Keith: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Really, very funny. |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: It is. The airโฆI mean, temperature-wise, it might not be that different from other places, but the air feels different there. |
| Misun: Right, right. |
| Keith: I donโt know what it is, though. |
| Misun: Thatโs true. And we also have lots of snow in winter. |
| Keith: Yeah. Thereโs definitely a lot of snow too. But what do you think about the cleaning system? I guessโฆdoes the Korean government do a good job of cleaning up the snow? |
| Misun: Well, not that I know out. |
| Keith: Yeah, thatโs correct, too. So if it snows, thereโs going to be a lot of snow on the street. I meanโฆ |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: Not cleaned up that much. |
| Misun: Not really. Maybe some of the, like, mountain area that they should do it, but not in the urban environment. |
| Keith: Yeah. |
| Misun: Yeah. |
| Keith: I guess Korea is a great place to go if youโre a winter lover. |
| Misun: Sure. Sure. Lovely. Yeah. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: All right. Well, talking about this is making me too cold, so letโs move onto the vocabulary. |
| Misun: Sure. |
| Keith: The first word weโre going to take a look at isโฆ |
| Misun: ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Scarf |
| Misun: ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ [slowly - broken down by syllable]. ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next. |
| Misun: ์ฅ๊ฐ [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Gloves. |
| Misun: ์ฅ๊ฐ [slowly - broken down by syllable]. ์ฅ๊ฐ [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Misun: ๊ฒจ์ธ [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Winter. |
| Misun: ๊ฒจ์ธ [slowly - broken down by syllable]. ๊ฒจ์ธ [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Next? |
| Misun: ๋ชจ์ [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Hat. |
| Misun: ๋ชจ์ [slowly - broken down by syllable]. ๋ชจ์ [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: After thatโฆ |
| Misun: ์๋ [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Customer, guest. |
| Misun: ์๋ [slowly - broken down by syllable]. ์๋ [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: And finallyโฆ |
| Misun: ํ์์ด [natural native speed]. |
| Keith: Hawaii. |
| Misun: ํ์์ด [slowly - broken down by syllable]. ํ์์ด [natural native speed]. |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| Keith: All right. Well, let's have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Misun: The first word/phrase weโll look at is ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ. |
| Keith: And thatโs a scarf. |
| Misun: ๋ชฉ/๋/๋ฆฌ - ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ |
| Keith: Okay, and this is pretty straight forward. Itโs a scarf. |
| Misun: Yes, but a lot of times, Korean people will also call it a muffler. |
| Keith: Right. What's the Korean pronunciation for that? |
| Misun: ๋จธ/ํ/๋ฌ. ๋จธํ๋ฌ. |
| Keith: Or you know what, you can actually just say ์ค์นดํ! |
| Misun: ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ค์. That's right. |
| Keith: So what are the three ways we can say scarf in Korean? |
| Misun: ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ, ์ค์นดํ, and ๋จธํ๋ฌ. |
| Keith: Misun, which one do you hear more? |
| Misun: I hear more often either ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ or ์ค์นดํ. |
| Keith: Really? I actually hear ๋จธํ๋ฌ more often. |
| Misun: Really? |
| Keith: I think what is, itโs older Korean people would say๋จธํ๋ฌ and the Korean that I know is from my parentโs generation, I guess. |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: Soโฆ |
| Misun: Or maybe, like, female just goes with the scarf much often and ๋จธํ๋ฌ goes to with the manโs scarf. |
| Keith: Really? |
| Misun: Yeah. |
| Keith: I donโt know, butโฆ |
| Misun: I donโt know. You know, itโs really no really distinguishable, but somehow I got that kind of definition. |
| Keith: Well, in any case, all three of those are pretty much the same thing in Korean. |
| Misun: Right. |
| Keith: They all means scarf. All right, whatโs our next word? |
| Misun: Our next word is ์๋. |
| Keith: Customer. |
| Misun: ์/๋. ์๋. It can also mean a guest as well. |
| Keith: Yeah. So if you're coming over my house for dinner, I would call you a ์๋. |
| Misun: ๋ค. Not directly to your guest! |
| Keith: Right, but when I'm referring to dinner at my house, I would say, โI'm having guests at my house.โ |
| Misun: ์ค๋ ์๋์ด ์์. |
| Keith: Yeah. And I wouldn't directly call you ์๋. Directly, I would call you ๋ฏธ์ ์จ, maybe even ๋ฏธ์ ๋๋ ^^ |
| Misun: Okay. Now all the listeners know Iโm older than Keith. Great job, Keith. |
| Keith: Not that much older. But when I'm talking about you to other people, you would be a ์๋. |
| Misun: But if you go to a store, and you're a customer, people would call you ์๋ directly. |
| Keith: Right. Like in this conversation! |
| Misun: ๋ค. The worker said ์๋... ์ฌ๊ธฐ ํ์์ด์ ๋๋ค. |
| Keith: โCustomer, this is Hawaii.โ Since they don't know what to call you, they'll directly call you ์๋. |
| Misun: Okay. Well Keith, let's take a look at our grammar. |
| Keith: ์ข์์. |
Lesson focus |
| Misun: The focus of this lesson is ์๋ค (eopta) |
| Keith: Okay, so ์๋ค (eoptda) is the verb that expresses "to not exist." |
| Misun: Don't confuse this with the negative Korean copula ์๋๋ค (anida), |
| Keith: Right. That word means "to not be." |
| Misun: ์๋ค is used to express absence, or lack of possession. |
| Keith: Misun, thatโs too much grammar! Come one! |
| Misun: Okay. Oops, sorry. |
| Keith: Well in this lesson, ์๋ค (eoptda) is used to express the lack of possession, meaning, I don't have. |
| Misun: For example, ๋ชฉ๋๋ฆฌ ์์ด์. |
| Keith: I don't have a scarf. |
| Misun: If you noticed, the object comes first. |
| Keith: Yup. And then the verb ์๋ค. |
| Misun: But of course, you don't need an object if you know what you guys are talking about. |
| Keith: Okay. For example? |
| Misun: If you're at a store, and you're asking for some gum. |
| Keith: Okay, and if you ask for gum, everyone knows youโre talking about. Youโre talking about gum. |
| Misun: So instead of gum ๊ฒ ์์ด์, you can drop gum ๊ฒ and just to say ์์ด์. |
| Keith: And that means we donโt have it. Okay. So let's go over ์๋ค, which is the dictionary form. |
| Misun: ๋ค. In conversational Korean, you should say ์์ด์ |
| Keith: And if we were talking with our close friends, how do we say that casually? |
| Misun: Just drop ์ at the end. You can say ์์ด. |
| Keith: Okay. Can we have some examples? |
| Misun: Sure. ํธ๋ํฐ ์์ด์. |
| Keith: I don't have a cell phone. |
| Misun: ๋์ด ์์ด์. |
| Keith: I don't have money. |
| Misun: So just remember. The object is in front |
| Keith: And the verb ์๋ค comes at the end. |
| Misun: Or you can just say ์์ด์ if everyone knows what you're talking about, all right? |
Outro |
| Keith: All right. Well, thatโs just about does it for today. |
| Misun: Okay. Bye, ์๋ ํ ๊ณ์ธ์. |
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