Learn about the sentence pattern "it has been" + Time / In + Time - -만
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Seol: 안녕하세요. 윤설입니다. (Annyeonghaseyo. Yunseorimnida.) |
| Minkyong: 안녕하세요. 민경입니다. (Annyeonghaseyo. Mingyeongimnida.) |
| Keith: Keith here. It’s been a Long Time since You’ve Seen a Lesson like This. Hello and welcome back to beginner season 3 at koreanclass101.com where we study modern Korean in a fun, educational format. |
| Mingyong: So brush up on the Korean that you started learning long ago or start learning today. |
| Mingyong: Thanks for being here with us for this lesson. |
| Keith: So what are we looking at in this lesson? |
| Mingyong: The focus of this lesson is 만, a time marker that marks the length of the time. This conversation is between two friends who have known each other for some time. They are two mothers catching up. |
| Keith: The speakers are friends. So they will be speaking informal Korean. |
| Mingyong: 반말 (banmal). |
| Keith: With that said, let’s listen to the conversation. |
| Mingyong: 들어봅시다. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 형우 엄마: 어머! 민수 엄마! 오랜만이야! |
| 민수 엄마: 어머, 형우 엄마! 1년만이지? 형우는 잘 있어? 군대에서 자주 나와? |
| 형우 엄마: 아니. 어제 3달만에 나왔어. 민수는? 잘 지내? |
| 민수 엄마: 아이고... 우리 민수? 민수는 미국으로 유학 갔는데, 3달만에 돌아왔어. 에휴... 못 살아 내가... |
| 형우 엄마: 민수 엄마, 힘내!! |
| Minkyong: 천천히 들어보세요. |
| 형우 엄마: 어머! 민수 엄마! 오랜만이야! |
| Keith: Oh! Minsu's mom! Long time no see! |
| 민수 엄마: 어머, 형우 엄마! 1년만이지? 형우는 잘 있어? 군대에서 자주 나와? |
| Keith: Huh? Hyeongu's mother! It's been a year, right? How is Hyeongu? Is he home often from the army? |
| 형우 엄마: 아니. 어제 3달만에 나왔어. 민수는? 잘 지내? |
| Keith: No, he came out yesterday after three months. How about Minsu? How is he? |
| 민수 엄마: 아이고... 우리 민수? 민수는 미국으로 유학 갔는데, 3달만에 돌아왔어. 에휴... 못 살아 내가... |
| Keith: Whew... Minsu? Minsu went to America to study, but he came back in three months. It's so frustrating. |
| 형우 엄마: 민수 엄마, 힘내!! |
| Keith: Minsu's mother, cheer up! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Keith: You know what I find interesting about this conversation, the way the mothers address themselves. Instead of their names, they use 민수 mom, 형우 mom. |
| Mingyong: Yeah that’s how people address each other in Korea. If you are a parent, then you are addressed as someone’s mom. |
| Keith: So these two probably know each other from PTA meetings from their kid’s school or something? |
| Mingyong: Sure or a 학원 or a church or maybe Taekwondo. Just anywhere kids get together. |
| Keith: Does that mean they almost definitely know each other because of their kids? |
| Mingyong: Not necessarily. They might be neighbors too and their kids might not even be friends. |
| Keith: So let’s say they know each other from neighborhood, how do they start calling each other someone’s mom? Wouldn’t you start with something 씨..윤설씨..민경씨.. |
| Mingyong: Well they would ask my children’s name and then they would just say 누구누구’s mom No? I mean in my experience, calling my neighbors, I could use like appart number 203호 아줌마, 3층 아줌마 like that. |
| Keith: Well you are not a mom yet and I think to call somebody’s mom, you have to be around that same level right? |
| Mingyong: Aaha! |
| Keith: Have a kid also and be a mom as well? |
| Mingyong: I’d rather be called 아가씨 Sorry 우리 그냥 보케불러리 하죠? |
| Keith: All right, let’s move on to the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Keith: The first word we have is? |
| Minkyong: 어머 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Oh my, oh dear |
| Minkyong: 어머 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Minkyong: 어머 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Mingyong: 군대 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Army, troops |
| Mingyong: 군대 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Sol: 군대 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Next? |
| Minkyong: 자주 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Frequently, often |
| Minkyong: 자주 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Minkyong: 자주 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: 그 다음에 |
| Mingyong: 나오다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: To come out |
| Mingyong: 나오다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mingyong: 나오다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And next we have? |
| Minkyong: 유학 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: Studying abroad |
| Minkyong: 유학 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Minkyong: 유학 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: 그 다음에? |
| Mingyong: 돌아오다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: To return, to come back |
| Mingyong: 돌아오다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Mingyong: 돌아오다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: And 마지막으로 |
| Minkyong: 힘내다 [natural native speed] |
| Keith: To cheer up |
| Minkyong: 힘내다 [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Minkyong: 힘내다 [natural native speed] |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Keith: All right. So why don’t we take a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Mingyong: The first word we will look at is 힘내다 |
| Keith: To cheer up. Actually this can be broken down. What’s our first part? |
| Mingyong: 힘 |
| Keith: Power, energy and the second part. |
| Mingyong: 내다 |
| Keith: And this word has a lot of meanings like to draw, to extract, to lay out, to put forth, to pay, to put in. It’s a lot of meanings. |
| Mingyong: Yeah so basically this phrase means to draw power, to layout energy. |
| Keith: And this is used when you don’t have energy. You use this phrase to encourage someone, cheer up. You are telling someone to be strong. So let’s have an example. |
| Mingyong: If I did really bad on my test and I had to move to Canada and I didn’t have any money, then I am really stressed. Then I would say 민경아 힘내 |
| Keith: 민경 Cheer up but I think more literally, it is saying be strong. Not as dire as the English words but it’s still saying have some strength, be strong. Okay how did it come out in this conversation? |
| Mingyong: So his mom said 민수가 미국으로 유학갔는데 세 달만에 돌아왔어. |
| Keith: 민수 studied abroad but it’s been three months since he’s been back. 형우 엄마가 이렇게 말했죠. |
| Mingyong: 힘내 |
| Keith: Be strong, cheer up, hold on. I didn’t really get it. He is back. So shouldn’t she be happy. |
| Mingyong: It means he failed in studying abroad. 힘 내야겠죠? |
| Keith: Yeah she’s got to be strong I guess. Well not here, 형우 right? |
| Mingyong: Yeah. |
| Keith: Well maybe he just didn’t care. All right, next move on to our next word. |
| Mingyong: 돌아오다 |
| Keith: To return. This word is used when you go somewhere and you return to where you originally were. |
| Mingyong: So if I am in the office, 사무실에 있으면 and I went to lunch and someone came looking for me, they can ask you Keith 언제 설이 돌아와요? |
| Keith: When will 설 come back? So this can be used for short periods of time as well as long periods of time. |
| Mingyong: Yeah so when I went to Canada and came back, my parents told my cousins 민경이 한국에 돌아왔어. |
| Keith: Mingyong came back from Canada. All right, so let’s move on to our last word and I think this is something the koreanclass101.com staff loves to do. |
| Mingyong: 유학 |
| Keith: Study abroad. I think its true right? |
| Mingyong: Yeah. |
| Keith: So this word is actually a noun, study abroad. So how do you use it as a verb? |
| Mingyong: You can say 유학하다 |
| Keith: To study abroad. For example |
| Mingyong: 저는 캐나다에서 유학했어요. |
| Keith: I studied abroad in Canada. Mingyong, how about yourself? |
| Mingyong: 저는 프랑스로 유학갔었어요. |
| Keith: I studied abroad in France. One thing I noticed is that you use the verb 가다 not 하다 |
| Mingyong: Yeah you can say 유학가다 and it means the same thing as 유학하다 |
| Keith: Are there differences in the nuance? |
| Mingyong: If you say 유학하다 it means that you are abroad at this time. If you say 유학가다 like you are saying about your experience. For example, if my friend, went on abroad I can say 걔 유학갔어. |
| Keith: He went abroad. |
| Mingyong: So he is not in Korea right now yeah. |
| Keith: All right. So let’s move on to today’s grammar point. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Keith: And what's our grammar point today? |
| Minkyong: 만 |
| Keith: A time marker that marks the amount of it's been since something has happened. |
| Minkyong: You can translate this generally as "It's been... since..." |
| Keith: I think the best way to explain this is to go into an example. Let's take an example from the conversation. |
| 설: In the conversation, the two 엄마's, didn't see each other for a long time. So 민수 엄마가 이렇게 말했어요. 어머, 형우 엄마! 1년만이지? |
| Keith: It's been 1 year since we've met! The amount of time in there is 1 year. 1년. And after that comes 만. So here 만 is marking 1년, one year, which is the amount of time they didn't meet. It marks the amount of time between the two actions that took place. Their last meeting, and this meeting. |
| 민경: So this particle always refers to two points in times, even if they're not mentioned in the sentence. |
| Keith: So how about we take another look at another example from this conversation? 형우 went to 군대, the military. And he's come back. So what does his mom say? |
| 민경: 어제 3달만에 나왔어. |
| Keith: He came out yesterday after 3 months. But if we literally translate it, literally, it's yesterday, it's been 3 months since, came out. So here one of the times is yesterday, when he came out. What's the other time this phrase or this construction is referring to? |
| 설: The last time he came out. |
| Keith: And it's been 3 months since that last time he came out. And just a quick construction note, this particle is always followed by the copula, 이다. Let's have 2 more examples... |
| 설: So if we didn't see each other for a week, we can say, 일주일만이야. |
| Keith: It's been a week since... and you infer that it's been a week... since we last met. But we wouldn't say that... we see each other every week. So we know it's been a week. |
| 민경: So if we didn't see each other for 2 years, we can say, 2년만이다! |
| Keith: It's been 2 years! And once again, you infer "since we last met." |
Outro |
| Keith: All right so that’s going to do it. See you later. |
| Mingyong: 안녕히 계세요. |
| Mingyong: 수고하셨습니다. |
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